Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 1,001–1,100 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PR · State House District 37GEOID 72037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.195500K: 0.218 | 0.654500K: 0.649 | 11.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 10.2% | 123.141 km3,883 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 47GEOID 28047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.196500K: 0.201 | 0.645500K: 0.647 | 15.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.5% | 378.725 km7,047 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State Senate District 31GEOID 47031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.196500K: 0.201 | 0.686500K: 0.687 | 15.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.8% | 167.572 km3,851 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 20GEOID 21020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.196500K: 0.202 | 0.745500K: 0.745 | 11.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.9% | 64.177 km2,562 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 6GEOID 17006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.196500K: 0.212 | 0.634500K: 0.647 | 15.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.7% | 34.119 km1,134 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 14th Essex DistrictGEOID 25037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.196500K: 0.206 | 0.601500K: 0.601 | 11.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.7% | 99.955 km2,227 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 7th Norfolk DistrictGEOID 25102 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.196500K: 0.199 | 0.595500K: 0.596 | 11.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.7% | 56.057 km1,105 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 31GEOID 06031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.196500K: 0.199 | 0.665500K: 0.665 | 11.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 310.059 km4,532 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 97GEOID 21097 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.196500K: 0.202 | 0.688500K: 0.688 | 11.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.1% | 348.63 km5,152 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 28GEOID 39028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.196500K: 0.205 | 0.722500K: 0.723 | 11.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.4% | 97.642 km2,503 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 26GEOID 28026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.196500K: 0.200 | 0.632500K: 0.633 | 15.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 247.003 km3,295 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 72GEOID 06072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.196500K: 0.130 | 0.579500K: 0.434 | 12.0lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 34.0% | 195.155 km2,556 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · Congressional District 5GEOID 3905 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.197500K: 0.213 | 0.573500K: 0.622 | 27.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.9% | 995.307 km9,177 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 8GEOID 42008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.197500K: 0.203 | 0.647500K: 0.647 | 15.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.0% | 67.906 km1,711 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 43GEOID 0643 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.197500K: 0.203 | 0.666500K: 0.665 | 27.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 109.502 km2,185 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 61GEOID 48061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.204 | 0.661500K: 0.661 | 12.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.8% | 148.367 km3,011 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 17GEOID 46017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.197500K: 0.208 | 0.614500K: 0.614 | 15.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.4% | 291.459 km5,912 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 17GEOID 46017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.208 | 0.614500K: 0.614 | 12.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.4% | 291.459 km5,912 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 144GEOID 48144 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.199 | 0.555500K: 0.555 | 12.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.2% | 98.573 km1,139 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 84GEOID 28084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.203 | 0.685500K: 0.685 | 12.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.2% | 412.521 km7,149 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 30GEOID 4830 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.197500K: 0.203 | 0.750500K: 0.750 | 27.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 247.392 km5,147 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 7th Suffolk DistrictGEOID 25129 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.207 | 0.706500K: 0.709 | 12.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.8% | 17.935 km554 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 81GEOID 13081 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.202 | 0.695500K: 0.695 | 12.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 141.468 km3,897 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 48GEOID 17048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.197500K: 0.203 | 0.638500K: 0.638 | 15.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.1% | 296.34 km5,340 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 36GEOID 0636 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.197500K: 0.126 | 0.678500K: 0.494 | 27.9middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 36.0% | 179.355 km2,510 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 25GEOID 48025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.209 | 0.633500K: 0.660 | 12.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.9% | 423.222 km5,776 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 23GEOID 4823 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.197500K: 0.202 | 0.727500K: 0.727 | 28.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 3,121.912 km35,819 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 46GEOID 08046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.202 | 0.693500K: 0.694 | 12.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.3% | 333.814 km3,972 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · State Senate District 4GEOID 06004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.197500K: 0.201 | 0.653500K: 0.653 | 15.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 2,049.008 km21,485 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 26GEOID 09026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.197500K: 0.206 | 0.569500K: 0.575 | 15.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.4% | 151.28 km2,626 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Rutland-2 State House DistrictGEOID 50R-2 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.200 | 0.686500K: 0.687 | 12.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.2% | 130.835 km939 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 9th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.207 | 0.755500K: 0.757 | 12.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.8% | 42.715 km1,333 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 10GEOID 17010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.202 | 0.624500K: 0.624 | 12.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.6% | 38.858 km1,572 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 112GEOID 13112 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.207 | 0.651500K: 0.651 | 12.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.7% | 180.134 km4,316 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 60GEOID 21060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.209 | 0.685500K: 0.686 | 12.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.5% | 95.745 km2,257 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 39GEOID 37039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.197500K: 0.203 | 0.600500K: 0.602 | 16.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.9% | 136.993 km3,397 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 156GEOID 13156 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.202 | 0.669500K: 0.669 | 12.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.5% | 472.421 km7,613 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State Senate District 19GEOID 15019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.197500K: 0.207 | 0.627500K: 0.629 | 16.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.7% | 36.582 km965 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 45GEOID 17045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.203 | 0.559500K: 0.560 | 12.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.6% | 69.738 km1,188 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 40GEOID 47040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.197500K: 0.201 | 0.676500K: 0.676 | 12.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 458.69 km5,847 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · Congressional District 1GEOID 3001 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.198500K: 0.205 | 0.705500K: 0.705 | 28.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 2,588.65 km36,563 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 53GEOID 45053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.198500K: 0.208 | 0.660500K: 0.660 | 12.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.0% | 338.815 km9,211 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · Congressional District 4GEOID 0104 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.198500K: 0.201 | 0.611500K: 0.611 | 28.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 1,207.955 km16,238 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 30GEOID 27030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.198500K: 0.203 | 0.683500K: 0.683 | 16.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.5% | 181.294 km2,659 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 31GEOID 4831 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.198500K: 0.199 | 0.719500K: 0.719 | 28.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 970.518 km8,600 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 17GEOID 36017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.198500K: 0.205 | 0.529500K: 0.529 | 12.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.4% | 55.104 km852 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 17GEOID 24017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.198500K: 0.214 | 0.698500K: 0.700 | 16.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.4% | 64.035 km1,358 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 17GEOID 24017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.198500K: 0.214 | 0.698500K: 0.700 | 12.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.4% | 64.035 km1,358 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 28GEOID 21028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.198500K: 0.204 | 0.735500K: 0.735 | 16.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.2% | 410.408 km6,356 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 52GEOID 47052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.198500K: 0.205 | 0.634500K: 0.634 | 12.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 97.021 km2,276 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 25GEOID 19025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.198500K: 0.206 | 0.737500K: 0.737 | 16.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.1% | 93.518 km1,167 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 73GEOID 13073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.198500K: 0.206 | 0.656500K: 0.656 | 12.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.8% | 108.546 km2,938 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · Congressional District 1GEOID 5101 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.198500K: 0.078 | 0.721500K: 0.633 | 29.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 60.4% | 798.498 km21,449 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 23GEOID 47023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.198500K: 0.214 | 0.747500K: 0.747 | 12.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.4% | 379.187 km9,022 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · Congressional District 4GEOID 1304 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.198500K: 0.206 | 0.652500K: 0.652 | 29.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 211.911 km4,976 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 141GEOID 48141 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.198500K: 0.203 | 0.607500K: 0.607 | 12.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.5% | 124.072 km2,070 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 12GEOID 28012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.198500K: 0.202 | 0.596500K: 0.597 | 12.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.6% | 90.006 km1,736 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 18GEOID 21018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.198500K: 0.206 | 0.810500K: 0.811 | 12.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.4% | 356.143 km4,717 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 167GEOID 42167 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.203 | 0.684500K: 0.685 | 12.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.1% | 108.393 km1,710 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 10GEOID 05010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.199500K: 0.202 | 0.736500K: 0.736 | 16.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.8% | 869.074 km16,492 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 67GEOID 51067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.139 | 0.635500K: 0.585 | 12.5lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 30.2% | 496.941 km9,373 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 5GEOID 21005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.199500K: 0.204 | 0.734500K: 0.734 | 16.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.8% | 633.192 km6,697 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 41GEOID 27041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.199500K: 0.206 | 0.683500K: 0.683 | 16.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.4% | 175.389 km4,264 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 33GEOID 36033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.199500K: 0.202 | 0.654500K: 0.655 | 16.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.3% | 41.95 km524 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 100GEOID 21100 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.206 | 0.658500K: 0.658 | 12.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.4% | 289.073 km5,798 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 48GEOID 42048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.206 | 0.688500K: 0.688 | 12.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 225.651 km4,973 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State Senate District 9GEOID 45009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.199500K: 0.205 | 0.670500K: 0.670 | 16.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 420.117 km12,803 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 37GEOID 28037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.199500K: 0.205 | 0.783500K: 0.784 | 16.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 619.618 km11,829 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 32GEOID 08032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.206 | 0.727500K: 0.727 | 12.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 121.449 km1,564 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 46GEOID 38046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.199500K: 0.210 | 0.644500K: 0.648 | 16.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.1% | 31.797 km438 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 46GEOID 38046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.210 | 0.644500K: 0.648 | 12.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.1% | 31.797 km438 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 33GEOID 28033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.205 | 0.583500K: 0.583 | 12.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.8% | 127.541 km2,761 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 31GEOID 44031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.214 | 0.560500K: 0.536 | 12.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.9% | 73.504 km1,982 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 9GEOID 41009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.190 | 0.653500K: 0.629 | 12.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.6% | 540.002 km5,801 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State Senate District 21GEOID 45021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.199500K: 0.203 | 0.695500K: 0.695 | 16.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 239.718 km4,716 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 42GEOID 51042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.209 | 0.714500K: 0.714 | 12.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.8% | 336.643 km5,977 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 101GEOID 17101 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.199500K: 0.202 | 0.621500K: 0.621 | 12.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.1% | 534.804 km4,428 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 22GEOID 45022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.206 | 0.630500K: 0.630 | 12.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.2% | 54.323 km1,412 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 31GEOID 17031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.200500K: 0.209 | 0.735500K: 0.736 | 16.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.3% | 154.473 km3,005 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 40GEOID 21040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.206 | 0.670500K: 0.670 | 12.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.9% | 42.383 km865 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 62GEOID 55062 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.207 | 0.602500K: 0.601 | 12.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.6% | 55.663 km695 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 54GEOID 39054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.281 | 0.649500K: 0.745 | 12.8lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 28.8% | 446.149 km6,903 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · State Senate District 20GEOID 06020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.200500K: 0.210 | 0.685500K: 0.685 | 16.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.8% | 190.431 km3,211 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · State Senate District 4GEOID 54004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.200500K: 0.213 | 0.716500K: 0.716 | 16.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.2% | 414.337 km7,643 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · State Senate District 12GEOID 34012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.200500K: 0.222 | 0.659500K: 0.659 | 16.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 10.1% | 229.161 km8,868 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Assembly District 12GEOID 34012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.222 | 0.659500K: 0.659 | 12.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 10.1% | 229.161 km8,868 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 31GEOID 40031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.200500K: 0.204 | 0.645500K: 0.645 | 16.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 716.949 km5,798 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 88GEOID 22088 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.206 | 0.678500K: 0.678 | 12.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.0% | 85.323 km1,692 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 100GEOID 37100 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.206 | 0.585500K: 0.585 | 12.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.1% | 68.155 km2,218 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative Subdistrict 7BGEOID 2407B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.213 | 0.594500K: 0.595 | 12.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.2% | 128.5 km4,127 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 138GEOID 13138 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.209 | 0.702500K: 0.702 | 12.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.3% | 298.35 km3,539 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 19GEOID 20019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.200500K: 0.202 | 0.619500K: 0.619 | 17.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.8% | 123.45 km1,708 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 15GEOID 47015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.214 | 0.604500K: 0.605 | 12.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.6% | 70.322 km2,700 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 7GEOID 39007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.218 | 0.668500K: 0.669 | 12.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 8.4% | 65.959 km1,255 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 141GEOID 13141 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.200500K: 0.204 | 0.519500K: 0.520 | 12.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.6% | 73.34 km968 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 39GEOID 0639 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.200500K: 0.204 | 0.680500K: 0.680 | 29.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 215.5 km3,175 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · First Bristol and Plymouth DistrictGEOID 25D37 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.200500K: 0.207 | 0.500500K: 0.506 | 17.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.3% | 210.33 km2,428 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · State Senate District 14GEOID 54014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.200500K: 0.207 | 0.640500K: 0.640 | 17.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.3% | 642.88 km9,968 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 29GEOID 36029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.201500K: 0.207 | 0.615500K: 0.615 | 13.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.1% | 31.839 km465 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 87GEOID 13087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.201500K: 0.209 | 0.679500K: 0.680 | 13.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.9% | 55.431 km1,084 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features