Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 2,501–2,600 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SC · State House District 98GEOID 45098 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.291 | 0.675500K: 0.675 | 31.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.3% | 40.244 km1,159 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 30GEOID 21030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.286 | 0.761500K: 0.762 | 31.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.7% | 38.887 km939 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 2nd Hampden DistrictGEOID 25045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.275 | 0.716500K: 0.718 | 31.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 92.904 km1,222 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 6BGEOID 2706B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.274 | 0.764500K: 0.764 | 31.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 175.521 km1,855 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 138GEOID 36138 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.275 | 0.729500K: 0.729 | 32.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 120.664 km1,292 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 117GEOID 28117 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.218 | 0.858500K: 0.244 | 32.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 19.3% | 98.633 km1,587 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 98GEOID 23098 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.279 | 0.640500K: 0.640 | 32.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 101.367 km1,455 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State Senate District 28GEOID 04028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.270500K: 0.274 | 0.671500K: 0.671 | 36.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 190.764 km2,755 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State House District 28GEOID 04028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.274 | 0.671500K: 0.671 | 32.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 190.764 km2,755 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 102GEOID 48102 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.283 | 0.735500K: 0.738 | 32.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.6% | 61.902 km1,208 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 181GEOID 42181 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.277 | 0.613500K: 0.613 | 32.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 18.297 km299 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · Congressional District 8GEOID 3708 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.270500K: 0.291 | 0.691500K: 0.691 | 53.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.1% | 673.352 km14,531 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 33GEOID 01033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.270500K: 0.275 | 0.781500K: 0.781 | 32.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 351.89 km4,138 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 36GEOID 28036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.271500K: 0.285 | 0.672500K: 0.672 | 36.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 370.523 km6,565 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 8GEOID 42008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.271500K: 0.272 | 0.602500K: 0.601 | 32.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 225.82 km1,673 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 118GEOID 42118 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.271500K: 0.273 | 0.737500K: 0.737 | 32.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 116.314 km1,460 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 113GEOID 13113 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.271500K: 0.277 | 0.690500K: 0.690 | 32.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 79.171 km2,487 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 117GEOID 37117 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.271500K: 0.288 | 0.782500K: 0.783 | 32.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.8% | 173.343 km5,078 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 47GEOID 09047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.271500K: 0.274 | 0.681500K: 0.682 | 32.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 125.682 km1,886 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 65GEOID 51065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.271500K: 0.283 | 0.724500K: 0.725 | 32.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 99.276 km3,224 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 149GEOID 42149 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.271500K: 0.277 | 0.655500K: 0.656 | 32.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 57.957 km1,139 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 95GEOID 47095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.271500K: 0.274 | 0.763500K: 0.763 | 32.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 99.625 km1,590 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · Congressional District 2GEOID 3702 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.271500K: 0.286 | 0.772500K: 0.772 | 53.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 222.622 km7,629 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 10GEOID 29010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.271500K: 0.277 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 36.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 575.479 km7,986 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 95GEOID 29095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.271500K: 0.279 | 0.649500K: 0.649 | 32.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 51.385 km933 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 20GEOID 35020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.272500K: 0.280 | 0.735500K: 0.736 | 36.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 59.672 km1,125 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 32GEOID 19032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.272500K: 0.275 | 0.711500K: 0.711 | 32.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 35.318 km415 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 83GEOID 28083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.272500K: 0.282 | 0.764500K: 0.764 | 32.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 191.794 km4,086 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 56GEOID 51056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.272500K: 0.280 | 0.732500K: 0.732 | 32.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 465.792 km16,087 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 48GEOID 12048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.272500K: 0.294 | 0.838500K: 0.838 | 32.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.3% | 297.179 km7,252 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 18GEOID 05018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.272500K: 0.288 | 0.824500K: 0.824 | 36.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 390.502 km11,916 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 11GEOID 05011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.272500K: 0.276 | 0.687500K: 0.687 | 32.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 65.396 km972 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Congressional District 4GEOID 3404 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.272500K: 0.291 | 0.817500K: 0.831 | 53.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.5% | 289.523 km8,719 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 20GEOID 19020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.274 | 0.645500K: 0.640 | 32.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 34.708 km689 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 38GEOID 19038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.273500K: 0.276 | 0.759500K: 0.759 | 36.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 234.935 km2,304 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 17GEOID 39017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.282 | 0.723500K: 0.724 | 32.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 90.842 km903 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 93GEOID 22093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.274 | 0.653500K: 0.653 | 32.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 28.369 km370 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · State Senate District 9GEOID 06009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.273500K: 0.290 | 0.797500K: 0.796 | 36.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.0% | 272.847 km5,225 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 159GEOID 42159 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.282 | 0.688500K: 0.691 | 32.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 46.972 km1,383 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 12GEOID 09012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.273500K: 0.250 | 0.734500K: 0.712 | 36.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.3% | 153.515 km2,711 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 56GEOID 45056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.343 | 0.633500K: 0.776 | 32.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 20.5% | 86.3 km1,073 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · State Senate District 20GEOID 34020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.273500K: 0.285 | 0.730500K: 0.727 | 36.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 57.27 km2,139 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Assembly District 20GEOID 34020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.285 | 0.730500K: 0.727 | 32.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 57.27 km2,139 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 26GEOID 72026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.294 | 0.780500K: 0.781 | 32.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.1% | 149.003 km4,747 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 73GEOID 05073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.276 | 0.709500K: 0.709 | 32.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 57.88 km1,191 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Hampden DistrictGEOID 25D03 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.273500K: 0.281 | 0.752500K: 0.753 | 36.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 63.712 km1,328 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 74GEOID 19074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.288 | 0.737500K: 0.738 | 32.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 36.305 km506 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 5GEOID 01005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.281 | 0.702500K: 0.702 | 32.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 156.231 km2,504 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 39GEOID 36039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.273500K: 0.275 | 0.631500K: 0.631 | 36.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 246.541 km2,054 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 104GEOID 42104 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.279 | 0.672500K: 0.672 | 32.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 56.561 km1,124 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 57GEOID 09057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.285 | 0.638500K: 0.638 | 32.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 75.148 km1,102 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 78GEOID 21078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.281 | 0.709500K: 0.709 | 32.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 218.114 km4,563 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · Congressional District 11GEOID 3711 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.273500K: 0.295 | 0.848500K: 0.849 | 53.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.5% | 867.086 km24,296 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 19GEOID 40019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.282 | 0.772500K: 0.773 | 32.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 607.675 km7,609 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 123GEOID 42123 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.274 | 0.667500K: 0.667 | 32.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 148.676 km915 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 154GEOID 42154 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.276 | 0.565500K: 0.566 | 32.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 44.116 km767 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 13GEOID 01013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.273500K: 0.278 | 0.706500K: 0.706 | 37.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 560.339 km3,431 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 87GEOID 42087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.278 | 0.688500K: 0.689 | 32.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 116.282 km2,133 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 71GEOID 28071 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.278 | 0.744500K: 0.745 | 32.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 62.167 km1,098 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 71GEOID 44071 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.214 | 0.624500K: 0.540 | 32.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 21.6% | 79.284 km1,334 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 35GEOID 72035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.356 | 0.756500K: 0.754 | 32.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 23.2% | 114.365 km3,847 vertices · 3 parts · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 36GEOID 17036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.273500K: 0.278 | 0.681500K: 0.681 | 32.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 63.219 km1,844 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 40GEOID 28040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.273500K: 0.324 | 0.813500K: 0.814 | 37.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 15.6% | 333.669 km4,645 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 3GEOID 42003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.273500K: 0.278 | 0.666500K: 0.668 | 37.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 40.864 km686 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 22GEOID 51022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.283 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 32.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 110.973 km2,395 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 27GEOID 23027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.276 | 0.633500K: 0.633 | 32.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 164.695 km1,900 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| TN · State Senate District 15GEOID 47015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.274500K: 0.280 | 0.736500K: 0.736 | 37.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 532.704 km7,946 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 50GEOID 49050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.285 | 0.810500K: 0.810 | 32.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 237.647 km5,940 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 59GEOID 36059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.274500K: 0.278 | 0.701500K: 0.702 | 37.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 29.509 km370 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 18GEOID 48018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.288 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 32.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.9% | 575.652 km9,936 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 5GEOID 48005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.294 | 0.692500K: 0.692 | 32.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 561.349 km10,401 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · Resident Commissioner District (at Large)GEOID 7298 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.274500K: 0.161 | 0.766500K: 0.630 | 54.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 41.1% | 796.702 km1,562 vertices · 3 parts · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 87GEOID 29087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.300 | 0.707500K: 0.707 | 32.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.6% | 59.967 km1,362 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 65GEOID 54065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.287 | 0.741500K: 0.741 | 32.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.6% | 171.845 km5,212 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 93GEOID 09093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.284 | 0.658500K: 0.661 | 33.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 18.989 km443 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 7GEOID 32007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.277 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 33.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 39.16 km588 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 58GEOID 45058 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.285 | 0.791500K: 0.792 | 33.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 172.219 km3,821 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 42GEOID 48042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.283 | 0.729500K: 0.729 | 33.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 236.432 km4,512 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 126GEOID 42126 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.280 | 0.678500K: 0.679 | 33.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 55.941 km854 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 15GEOID 10015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.280 | 0.678500K: 0.678 | 33.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 48.122 km750 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 91GEOID 01091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.278 | 0.715500K: 0.715 | 33.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 216.536 km2,209 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 109GEOID 17109 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.281 | 0.742500K: 0.742 | 33.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 400.957 km4,784 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 31GEOID 30031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.274500K: 0.282 | 0.726500K: 0.727 | 37.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 41.235 km763 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · First Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25D11 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.274500K: 0.277 | 0.644500K: 0.644 | 37.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 105.504 km1,246 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 113GEOID 36113 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.281 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 33.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 199.975 km2,505 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 155GEOID 29155 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.274500K: 0.280 | 0.770500K: 0.770 | 33.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 477.386 km4,520 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 28GEOID 36028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.274500K: 0.281 | 0.785500K: 0.785 | 37.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 24.817 km332 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 29th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.275500K: 0.295 | 0.747500K: 0.748 | 33.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 25.17 km716 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Worcester and Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25D10 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.275500K: 0.278 | 0.649500K: 0.649 | 37.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 175.023 km1,744 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 105GEOID 42105 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.275500K: 0.286 | 0.750500K: 0.751 | 33.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 58.683 km1,316 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 1GEOID 45001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.275500K: 0.285 | 0.800500K: 0.800 | 33.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 266.003 km5,854 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · Congressional District 3GEOID 1303 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.275500K: 0.281 | 0.819500K: 0.819 | 54.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 709.78 km8,353 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State Senate District 7GEOID 33007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.275500K: 0.277 | 0.711500K: 0.711 | 37.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 293.296 km3,038 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 4GEOID 35004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.275500K: 0.281 | 0.720500K: 0.721 | 33.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 425.535 km7,943 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 92GEOID 47092 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.275500K: 0.279 | 0.691500K: 0.691 | 33.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 223.822 km3,246 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative Subdistrict 33BGEOID 2433B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.275500K: 0.284 | 0.765500K: 0.766 | 33.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 93.999 km2,191 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 55GEOID 39055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.275500K: 0.281 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 33.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 183.196 km3,078 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 4GEOID 22004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.275500K: 0.283 | 0.695500K: 0.695 | 33.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 96.365 km1,353 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 95GEOID 55095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.275500K: 0.281 | 0.705500K: 0.706 | 33.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 238.184 km2,336 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 94GEOID 05094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.275500K: 0.285 | 0.741500K: 0.741 | 33.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 379.658 km5,671 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features