Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 4,301–4,400 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR · State Senate District 21GEOID 41021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.354500K: 0.360 | 0.811500K: 0.811 | 62.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 46.567 km701 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 27GEOID 37027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.382 | 0.895500K: 0.896 | 56.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.5% | 398.336 km12,536 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 87GEOID 45087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.361 | 0.754500K: 0.754 | 56.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 80.986 km1,337 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 56GEOID 40056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.355 | 0.692500K: 0.692 | 56.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 255.28 km2,595 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 8GEOID 01008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.354500K: 0.360 | 0.871500K: 0.871 | 62.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 415.677 km4,785 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Merrimack 08GEOID 33608 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.354 | 0.670500K: 0.670 | 56.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 111.822 km473 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 13GEOID 55013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.379 | 0.801500K: 0.801 | 56.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.6% | 48.538 km1,310 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 10GEOID 16010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.354500K: 0.358 | 0.787500K: 0.788 | 62.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 123.325 km1,428 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 10GEOID 16010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.358 | 0.787500K: 0.788 | 56.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 123.325 km1,428 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 12GEOID 15012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.370 | 0.776500K: 0.780 | 56.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 151.208 km2,673 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 13GEOID 30013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.363 | 0.742500K: 0.742 | 56.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 177.165 km1,875 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 17GEOID 38017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.354500K: 0.361 | 0.843500K: 0.843 | 62.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 61.827 km1,802 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 17GEOID 38017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.361 | 0.843500K: 0.843 | 56.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 61.827 km1,802 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 34GEOID 29034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.354500K: 0.358 | 0.792500K: 0.793 | 62.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 245.077 km2,549 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 30GEOID 23030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.354500K: 0.349 | 0.723500K: 0.717 | 62.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 94.822 km1,500 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 79GEOID 22079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.363 | 0.811500K: 0.813 | 56.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 26.394 km310 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 13GEOID 23013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.354500K: 0.205 | 0.791500K: 0.683 | 62.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 42.1% | 260.617 km3,993 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 82GEOID 01082 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.354500K: 0.385 | 0.873500K: 0.873 | 56.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.0% | 250.81 km6,183 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 26GEOID 46026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.355500K: 0.356 | 0.772500K: 0.772 | 62.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 796.218 km6,920 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 78GEOID 23078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.355 | 0.680500K: 0.680 | 56.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 152.789 km960 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 89GEOID 09089 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.361 | 0.744500K: 0.744 | 56.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 65.014 km854 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 136GEOID 48136 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.358 | 0.721500K: 0.721 | 56.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 73.715 km1,127 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 64GEOID 23064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.360 | 0.678500K: 0.682 | 56.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 24.824 km656 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 17GEOID 42017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.359 | 0.717500K: 0.718 | 56.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 256.094 km2,535 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · Congressional District 1GEOID 2401 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.355500K: 0.054 | 0.695500K: 0.596 | 74.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 84.8% | 710.708 km7,103 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 51GEOID 01051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.371 | 0.879500K: 0.879 | 56.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 135.38 km2,085 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 47GEOID 45047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.361 | 0.795500K: 0.796 | 57.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 129.274 km1,917 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Windham-3 State House DistrictGEOID 50W-3 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.360 | 0.693500K: 0.694 | 57.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 95.88 km1,086 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 11GEOID 21011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.362 | 0.776500K: 0.776 | 57.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 206.556 km1,959 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 24GEOID 12024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.360 | 0.772500K: 0.772 | 57.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 172.694 km2,140 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 10GEOID 3610 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.355500K: 0.186 | 0.791500K: 0.611 | 74.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 47.7% | 46.066 km699 vertices · 3 parts · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 89GEOID 22089 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.358 | 0.709500K: 0.709 | 57.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 150.909 km1,270 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 37GEOID 10037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.370 | 0.797500K: 0.797 | 57.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 90.679 km1,765 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 2GEOID 49002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.373 | 0.786500K: 0.787 | 57.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.8% | 121.766 km2,242 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 16GEOID 24016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.355500K: 0.382 | 0.727500K: 0.728 | 62.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 61.607 km2,756 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 16GEOID 24016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.382 | 0.727500K: 0.728 | 57.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 61.607 km2,756 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 12GEOID 35012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.355500K: 0.367 | 0.791500K: 0.791 | 62.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 36.506 km774 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 77GEOID 09077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.355500K: 0.372 | 0.726500K: 0.726 | 57.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 31.462 km521 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 16GEOID 23016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.355500K: 0.356 | 0.752500K: 0.752 | 62.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 126.422 km860 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 91GEOID 22091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.356500K: 0.364 | 0.714500K: 0.715 | 57.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 22.079 km288 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 74GEOID 13074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.356500K: 0.368 | 0.760500K: 0.760 | 57.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 81.806 km1,605 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 141GEOID 09141 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.356500K: 0.309 | 0.727500K: 0.754 | 57.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 13.1% | 46.719 km707 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 175GEOID 42175 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.356500K: 0.382 | 0.718500K: 0.727 | 57.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 18.677 km312 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Senate District 4GEOID 10004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.356500K: 0.377 | 0.781500K: 0.785 | 62.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.7% | 63.836 km2,572 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 54GEOID 21054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.356500K: 0.361 | 0.750500K: 0.751 | 57.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 239.715 km2,000 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 23GEOID 30023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.356500K: 0.405 | 0.836500K: 0.838 | 57.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 12.1% | 19.731 km454 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · Congressional District 5GEOID 5105 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.356500K: 0.372 | 0.886500K: 0.886 | 74.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 937.208 km29,327 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 45GEOID 36045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.356500K: 0.361 | 0.674500K: 0.672 | 57.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 20.853 km196 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 16GEOID 27016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.356500K: 0.364 | 0.817500K: 0.817 | 62.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 509.441 km7,414 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 60GEOID 42060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.356500K: 0.360 | 0.736500K: 0.737 | 57.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 160.666 km1,748 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 32GEOID 37032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.356500K: 0.365 | 0.818500K: 0.819 | 62.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 103.571 km2,992 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State Senate District 8GEOID 48008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.356500K: 0.365 | 0.792500K: 0.792 | 62.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 423.626 km5,068 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 35GEOID 40035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.356500K: 0.359 | 0.718500K: 0.718 | 57.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 352.299 km3,682 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 27GEOID 29027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.368 | 0.740500K: 0.740 | 57.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 38.051 km491 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 13th Norfolk DistrictGEOID 25108 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.382 | 0.797500K: 0.797 | 57.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.5% | 56.691 km1,709 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| NV · Assembly District 3GEOID 32003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.357 | 0.730500K: 0.729 | 57.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 31.741 km706 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Caledonia-1 State House DistrictGEOID 50CA1 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.376 | 0.637500K: 0.643 | 57.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 104.623 km1,222 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 84GEOID 55084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.366 | 0.831500K: 0.832 | 57.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 119.522 km1,476 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 44GEOID 41044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.365 | 0.759500K: 0.759 | 57.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 62.093 km636 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · Congressional District 11GEOID 1211 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.357500K: 0.366 | 0.822500K: 0.822 | 75.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 409.576 km6,905 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 8GEOID 37008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.366 | 0.810500K: 0.810 | 57.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 155.247 km2,837 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 41GEOID 56041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.360 | 0.760500K: 0.760 | 57.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 21.079 km451 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 22GEOID 33522 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.366 | 0.716500K: 0.717 | 57.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 10.823 km278 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 19GEOID 41019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.365 | 0.738500K: 0.738 | 57.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 39.986 km900 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 56GEOID 29056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.363 | 0.875500K: 0.874 | 57.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 46.534 km413 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 31BGEOID 2731B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.360 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 57.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 124.974 km1,217 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 38GEOID 12038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.373 | 0.788500K: 0.788 | 57.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 69.384 km1,379 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 10GEOID 23010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.357500K: 0.359 | 0.701500K: 0.701 | 62.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 196.568 km1,959 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 83GEOID 13083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.367 | 0.795500K: 0.796 | 57.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 33.284 km609 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 37GEOID 53037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.357500K: 0.372 | 0.798500K: 0.799 | 62.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 47.016 km727 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 37GEOID 53037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.372 | 0.798500K: 0.799 | 57.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 47.016 km727 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 3GEOID 40003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.367 | 0.832500K: 0.833 | 57.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 239.27 km4,388 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 93GEOID 19093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.357500K: 0.362 | 0.795500K: 0.794 | 57.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 52.219 km566 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 26GEOID 19026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.357500K: 0.362 | 0.897500K: 0.897 | 63.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 301.185 km2,327 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 15GEOID 37015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.363 | 0.757500K: 0.757 | 57.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 166.696 km1,948 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 50GEOID 23050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.363 | 0.757500K: 0.758 | 57.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 34.649 km580 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 8GEOID 08008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.361 | 0.811500K: 0.812 | 57.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 39.812 km869 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 59GEOID 26059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.365 | 0.773500K: 0.773 | 57.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 60.65 km636 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 22GEOID 30022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.358500K: 0.373 | 0.770500K: 0.771 | 63.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 90.373 km1,328 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 18GEOID 06018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.270 | 0.820500K: 0.752 | 57.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 24.5% | 90.879 km2,387 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 23GEOID 15023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.359 | 0.778500K: 0.779 | 57.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 9.112 km333 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Cheshire 06GEOID 33206 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.361 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 57.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 98.59 km1,406 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 2AGEOID 2702A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.361 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 57.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 642.306 km5,103 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 61GEOID 36061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.358500K: 0.361 | 0.746500K: 0.746 | 63.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 104.747 km807 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 28GEOID 26028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.271 | 0.743500K: 0.720 | 57.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 24.2% | 124.431 km555 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 47GEOID 12047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.371 | 0.769500K: 0.769 | 57.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 94.162 km1,348 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 20GEOID 13020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.358500K: 0.369 | 0.798500K: 0.798 | 63.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 529.89 km8,907 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 13GEOID 22013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.385 | 0.839500K: 0.839 | 57.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.0% | 487.148 km6,364 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 95GEOID 01095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.164 | 0.781500K: 0.560 | 57.9middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 54.3% | 188.888 km1,212 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Bristol and Norfolk DistrictGEOID 25D35 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.358500K: 0.369 | 0.746500K: 0.746 | 63.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 121.131 km2,560 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 10GEOID 22010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.379 | 0.785500K: 0.785 | 57.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.4% | 309.098 km4,605 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 12AGEOID 2712A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.363 | 0.786500K: 0.786 | 57.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 512.786 km5,156 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · State Senate District 8GEOID 32008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.358500K: 0.361 | 0.743500K: 0.743 | 63.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 48.205 km1,043 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 38GEOID 54038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.394 | 0.854500K: 0.854 | 58.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.2% | 61.572 km2,140 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 164GEOID 42164 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.387 | 0.772500K: 0.774 | 58.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.5% | 20.527 km1,091 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 144GEOID 23144 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.412 | 0.829500K: 0.831 | 58.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 13.0% | 93.753 km2,606 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 51GEOID 13051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.372 | 0.732500K: 0.732 | 58.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 43.152 km1,158 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 8GEOID 55008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.373 | 0.812500K: 0.813 | 58.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 21.764 km601 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 66GEOID 40066 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.368 | 0.769500K: 0.769 | 58.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 145.343 km1,871 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 86GEOID 01086 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.358500K: 0.368 | 0.868500K: 0.868 | 58.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 201.044 km2,401 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features