Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 1,201–1,300 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IA · State House District 41GEOID 19041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.206500K: 0.209 | 0.664500K: 0.665 | 14.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.3% | 48.266 km588 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State Senate District 16GEOID 04016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.206500K: 0.208 | 0.688500K: 0.688 | 18.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.8% | 688.803 km6,114 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State House District 16GEOID 04016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.206500K: 0.208 | 0.688500K: 0.688 | 14.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.8% | 688.803 km6,114 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 42GEOID 21042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.206500K: 0.211 | 0.658500K: 0.657 | 14.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.3% | 35.09 km713 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Strafford 05GEOID 33805 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.206500K: 0.288 | 0.700500K: 0.707 | 14.4lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 28.4% | 35.966 km962 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · State Senate District 22GEOID 34022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.206500K: 0.213 | 0.673500K: 0.673 | 18.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.3% | 84.495 km2,435 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Assembly District 22GEOID 34022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.206500K: 0.213 | 0.673500K: 0.673 | 14.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.3% | 84.495 km2,435 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · Congressional District 7GEOID 0107 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.206500K: 0.210 | 0.709500K: 0.709 | 31.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 1,281.142 km14,024 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 7GEOID 08007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.206500K: 0.207 | 0.594500K: 0.594 | 14.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.2% | 95.352 km539 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State Senate District 18GEOID 08018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.206500K: 0.224 | 0.733500K: 0.734 | 18.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.7% | 113.843 km2,019 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 96GEOID 13096 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.206500K: 0.209 | 0.661500K: 0.662 | 14.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.0% | 57.097 km866 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 4GEOID 24004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.206500K: 0.218 | 0.816500K: 0.816 | 18.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.3% | 287.176 km7,322 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| MD · State Legislative District 4GEOID 24004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.206500K: 0.218 | 0.816500K: 0.816 | 14.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.3% | 287.176 km7,322 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| NC · State House District 35GEOID 37035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.206500K: 0.213 | 0.649500K: 0.649 | 14.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.0% | 161.189 km3,968 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · Congressional District 8GEOID 0808 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.207500K: 0.211 | 0.741500K: 0.741 | 31.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 402.937 km4,132 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 7GEOID 55007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.207500K: 0.218 | 0.608500K: 0.608 | 14.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.2% | 41.66 km1,039 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 16GEOID 01016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.207500K: 0.211 | 0.699500K: 0.699 | 14.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 466.155 km7,104 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 79GEOID 13079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.207500K: 0.215 | 0.729500K: 0.728 | 14.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.8% | 52.083 km1,098 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 38GEOID 20038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.207500K: 0.212 | 0.557500K: 0.557 | 14.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.4% | 154 km2,172 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 131GEOID 42131 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.207500K: 0.212 | 0.586500K: 0.586 | 14.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.3% | 138.569 km2,022 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 96GEOID 42096 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.207500K: 0.226 | 0.732500K: 0.733 | 14.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 8.3% | 58.172 km2,212 vertices · 2 parts · 3 holes |
| NC · State House District 59GEOID 37059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.207500K: 0.215 | 0.690500K: 0.690 | 14.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 225.205 km3,825 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 12GEOID 42012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.207500K: 0.208 | 0.626500K: 0.626 | 18.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.6% | 151.463 km2,196 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 26GEOID 06026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.207500K: 0.222 | 0.717500K: 0.720 | 14.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.7% | 114.023 km3,042 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 5GEOID 13005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.207500K: 0.213 | 0.652500K: 0.652 | 18.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.5% | 89.457 km2,141 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 46GEOID 13046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.207500K: 0.215 | 0.719500K: 0.719 | 18.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.6% | 275.627 km7,889 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 11th Hampden DistrictGEOID 25054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.207500K: 0.215 | 0.706500K: 0.706 | 14.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.8% | 35.084 km857 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 86GEOID 36086 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.208500K: 0.212 | 0.676500K: 0.681 | 14.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.1% | 16.111 km229 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · Congressional District 7GEOID 5107 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.208500K: 0.211 | 0.686500K: 0.685 | 31.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 659.931 km20,355 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 1GEOID 37001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.208500K: 0.063 | 0.711500K: 0.527 | 14.8lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 69.6% | 643.364 km15,226 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NJ · Congressional District 11GEOID 3411 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.208500K: 0.225 | 0.796500K: 0.796 | 31.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.7% | 253.959 km12,301 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 32GEOID 13032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.208500K: 0.215 | 0.636500K: 0.637 | 18.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.1% | 142.346 km2,878 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · Congressional District 5GEOID 4105 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.208500K: 0.215 | 0.660500K: 0.660 | 32.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 937.688 km18,400 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State Senate District 5GEOID 08005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.208500K: 0.212 | 0.630500K: 0.630 | 19.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.8% | 1,102.513 km10,880 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 2GEOID 53002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.208500K: 0.213 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 19.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.4% | 397.201 km5,985 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 2GEOID 53002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.208500K: 0.213 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 14.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.4% | 397.201 km5,985 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · State Senate District 5GEOID 54005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.208500K: 0.216 | 0.672500K: 0.672 | 19.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.7% | 270.538 km7,859 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 33GEOID 01033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.208500K: 0.220 | 0.636500K: 0.611 | 19.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.3% | 176.262 km2,864 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 12GEOID 4812 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.208500K: 0.212 | 0.742500K: 0.742 | 32.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 394.603 km5,756 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 9GEOID 01009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.208500K: 0.212 | 0.666500K: 0.666 | 19.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.8% | 389.12 km6,598 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 101GEOID 36101 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.208500K: 0.212 | 0.613500K: 0.613 | 14.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.7% | 492.885 km4,901 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 2GEOID 35002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.208500K: 0.215 | 0.658500K: 0.658 | 14.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.2% | 121.35 km3,248 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 79GEOID 47079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.208500K: 0.219 | 0.702500K: 0.702 | 14.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.0% | 396.928 km9,525 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 10GEOID 72010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.208500K: 0.266 | 0.655500K: 0.667 | 14.9lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 21.7% | 63.163 km2,095 vertices · 3 parts · 0 holes |
| MA · 4th Suffolk DistrictGEOID 25126 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.208500K: 0.098 | 0.583500K: 0.261 | 14.9lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 53.1% | 87.073 km259 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 28GEOID 4828 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.208500K: 0.209 | 0.644500K: 0.644 | 32.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 1,339.443 km10,377 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · First Essex DistrictGEOID 25D19 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.208500K: 0.218 | 0.584500K: 0.585 | 19.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.4% | 72.431 km1,490 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 5GEOID 28005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.209500K: 0.215 | 0.711500K: 0.711 | 14.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.9% | 299.816 km4,540 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · State Senate District 15GEOID 06015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.209500K: 0.222 | 0.791500K: 0.791 | 19.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.0% | 404.27 km8,893 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 29GEOID 51029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.209500K: 0.216 | 0.686500K: 0.688 | 19.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.6% | 205.11 km4,475 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 21GEOID 49021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.209500K: 0.216 | 0.611500K: 0.611 | 19.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 125.843 km2,728 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 40GEOID 06040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.209500K: 0.220 | 0.745500K: 0.746 | 14.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.2% | 246.766 km4,661 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 17GEOID 13017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.209500K: 0.215 | 0.637500K: 0.637 | 14.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.9% | 132.182 km3,714 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 82GEOID 51082 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.209500K: 0.210 | 0.691500K: 0.682 | 15.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.4% | 390.579 km7,642 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 70GEOID 35070 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.209500K: 0.213 | 0.595500K: 0.595 | 15.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.7% | 892.419 km8,935 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 8GEOID 17008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.209500K: 0.215 | 0.763500K: 0.763 | 19.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.8% | 66.145 km2,226 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 95GEOID 13095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.209500K: 0.218 | 0.704500K: 0.704 | 15.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.2% | 70.746 km1,805 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 80GEOID 36080 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.209500K: 0.212 | 0.677500K: 0.678 | 15.0lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 23.872 km343 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 8AGEOID 2708A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.209500K: 0.194 | 0.535500K: 0.500 | 15.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 7.3% | 83.901 km947 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 12GEOID 21012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.209500K: 0.216 | 0.609500K: 0.609 | 15.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.0% | 453.863 km5,247 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 56GEOID 47056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.209500K: 0.215 | 0.672500K: 0.672 | 15.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.8% | 50.058 km1,628 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 77GEOID 13077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.214 | 0.639500K: 0.639 | 15.1lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.1% | 68.785 km1,068 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State Senate District 30GEOID 22030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.210500K: 0.243 | 0.765500K: 0.765 | 19.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 13.7% | 726.406 km12,577 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| NY · Assembly District 116GEOID 36116 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.118 | 0.724500K: 0.649 | 15.1lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 43.7% | 594.261 km3,735 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State Senate District 5GEOID 45005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.210500K: 0.236 | 0.766500K: 0.767 | 19.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 11.1% | 259.655 km8,389 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 81GEOID 51081 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.235 | 0.780500K: 0.782 | 15.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 10.9% | 233.243 km13,334 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 23GEOID 54023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.221 | 0.729500K: 0.729 | 15.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.2% | 107.854 km2,833 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 119GEOID 13119 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.222 | 0.636500K: 0.636 | 15.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.4% | 132.05 km4,095 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 84GEOID 36084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.221 | 0.574500K: 0.572 | 15.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.3% | 24.84 km327 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 4GEOID 13004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.216 | 0.721500K: 0.721 | 15.2lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.7% | 119.801 km3,693 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 26GEOID 21026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.219 | 0.714500K: 0.715 | 15.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.3% | 190.038 km3,062 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 90GEOID 45090 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.224 | 0.715500K: 0.715 | 15.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 6.2% | 386.001 km9,128 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 60GEOID 06060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.214 | 0.746500K: 0.746 | 15.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 217.648 km3,348 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 30GEOID 28030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.212 | 0.658500K: 0.658 | 15.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.8% | 355.886 km3,972 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 10GEOID 45010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.216 | 0.719500K: 0.719 | 15.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.0% | 97.79 km2,413 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 48GEOID 01048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.218 | 0.771500K: 0.771 | 15.3lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.9% | 79.905 km1,969 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 13GEOID 35013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.210500K: 0.218 | 0.686500K: 0.687 | 19.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.5% | 55.186 km776 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 32GEOID 46032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.210500K: 0.219 | 0.600500K: 0.599 | 19.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.9% | 36.661 km1,014 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 32GEOID 46032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.219 | 0.600500K: 0.599 | 15.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.9% | 36.661 km1,014 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · Congressional District 8GEOID 1308 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.210500K: 0.217 | 0.735500K: 0.735 | 32.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 1,310.426 km19,902 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 29GEOID 28029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.210500K: 0.213 | 0.604500K: 0.604 | 19.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 180.171 km3,107 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Chittenden-23 State House DistrictGEOID 50C23 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.210500K: 0.219 | 0.585500K: 0.588 | 15.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.1% | 34.633 km712 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 60GEOID 29060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.221 | 0.595500K: 0.597 | 15.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 4.7% | 66.51 km1,203 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 162GEOID 13162 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.214 | 0.612500K: 0.612 | 15.4lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.5% | 88.093 km1,237 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 123GEOID 45123 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.171 | 0.607500K: 0.544 | 15.5lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 19.0% | 207.643 km2,325 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 23GEOID 41023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.215 | 0.658500K: 0.658 | 15.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.8% | 333.998 km5,090 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 82GEOID 26082 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.219 | 0.655500K: 0.655 | 15.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.7% | 51.162 km663 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 27GEOID 01027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.211500K: 0.214 | 0.591500K: 0.591 | 19.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 417.957 km4,283 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 4GEOID 21004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.211500K: 0.223 | 0.803500K: 0.804 | 19.8lower quartile | stablePP difference 5.5% | 514.954 km8,078 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 39GEOID 54039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.232 | 0.717500K: 0.717 | 15.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 9.0% | 166.911 km6,858 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 144GEOID 29144 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.213 | 0.624500K: 0.624 | 15.5lower quartile | stablePP difference 0.9% | 721.212 km6,603 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 126GEOID 48126 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.219 | 0.607500K: 0.607 | 15.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 3.6% | 88.522 km2,478 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 58GEOID 39058 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.215 | 0.719500K: 0.719 | 15.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.0% | 149.865 km1,884 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Plymouth and Barnstable DistrictGEOID 25D39 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.211500K: 0.160 | 0.597500K: 0.542 | 19.8lower quartile | resolution sensitivePP difference 24.3% | 289.98 km3,963 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 98GEOID 28098 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.215 | 0.703500K: 0.703 | 15.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.8% | 211.543 km4,071 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 11GEOID 72011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.209 | 0.717500K: 0.698 | 15.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.2% | 94.774 km1,678 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 91GEOID 21091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.218 | 0.743500K: 0.744 | 15.6lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.8% | 276.288 km6,755 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 1GEOID 22001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.216 | 0.820500K: 0.820 | 15.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.9% | 324.38 km3,542 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 24GEOID 56024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.211500K: 0.216 | 0.717500K: 0.720 | 19.9lower quartile | stablePP difference 2.1% | 44.389 km1,189 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 83GEOID 05083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.211500K: 0.215 | 0.588500K: 0.588 | 15.7lower quartile | stablePP difference 1.4% | 143.109 km1,911 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features