Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 2,301–2,400 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CT · State Senate District 30GEOID 09030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.261500K: 0.266 | 0.755500K: 0.755 | 33.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 275.059 km4,153 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 87GEOID 12087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.261500K: 0.138 | 0.757500K: 0.591 | 29.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 47.2% | 136.506 km1,063 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 11th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.261500K: 0.280 | 0.688500K: 0.691 | 29.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 31.377 km968 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 36th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.261500K: 0.262 | 0.590500K: 0.589 | 29.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 70.158 km727 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 8GEOID 23008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.261500K: 0.277 | 0.652500K: 0.652 | 33.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.8% | 366.663 km6,443 vertices · 1 part · 8 holes |
| AR · State House District 7GEOID 05007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.261500K: 0.278 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 29.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.3% | 163.577 km3,849 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 34GEOID 21034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.261500K: 0.271 | 0.674500K: 0.675 | 29.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 41.723 km1,348 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Fourth Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25D16 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.261500K: 0.270 | 0.704500K: 0.706 | 34.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 91.06 km1,489 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 9th Hampden DistrictGEOID 25052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.261500K: 0.273 | 0.739500K: 0.742 | 29.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 35.508 km754 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 95GEOID 21095 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.261500K: 0.272 | 0.775500K: 0.775 | 29.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 234.649 km4,810 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 10GEOID 49010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.261500K: 0.270 | 0.648500K: 0.649 | 29.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 47.546 km1,235 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 17GEOID 51017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.261500K: 0.245 | 0.643500K: 0.639 | 34.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.4% | 562.796 km10,057 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 43GEOID 40043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.262500K: 0.264 | 0.664500K: 0.664 | 34.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 396.059 km4,758 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 22GEOID 42022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.272 | 0.678500K: 0.679 | 29.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 38.766 km834 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 83GEOID 26083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.267 | 0.634500K: 0.636 | 29.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 58.408 km666 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 33GEOID 23033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.262500K: 0.281 | 0.615500K: 0.617 | 34.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.0% | 153.44 km3,176 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 10GEOID 33510 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.271 | 0.646500K: 0.650 | 29.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 18.757 km544 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 80GEOID 42080 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.265 | 0.698500K: 0.698 | 29.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 249.434 km2,058 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 5GEOID 41005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.262500K: 0.243 | 0.736500K: 0.715 | 34.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.2% | 708.91 km5,254 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 57GEOID 51057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.283 | 0.703500K: 0.704 | 29.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.3% | 97.83 km9,092 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 5GEOID 51005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.291 | 0.601500K: 0.605 | 29.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.0% | 33.303 km2,098 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 28GEOID 28028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.279 | 0.743500K: 0.743 | 29.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.1% | 117.718 km4,560 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 58GEOID 08058 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.268 | 0.705500K: 0.705 | 29.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 1,147.545 km11,235 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 57GEOID 18057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.265 | 0.634500K: 0.634 | 29.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 100.467 km1,316 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 110GEOID 36110 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.267 | 0.638500K: 0.638 | 29.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 105.72 km948 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 20GEOID 55020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.262500K: 0.278 | 0.711500K: 0.711 | 34.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.5% | 319.038 km11,443 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 56GEOID 48056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.269 | 0.790500K: 0.790 | 29.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 315.72 km2,362 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 38GEOID 48038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.283 | 0.744500K: 0.746 | 29.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.3% | 93.933 km1,341 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · Congressional District 12GEOID 1712 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.262500K: 0.268 | 0.783500K: 0.783 | 46.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 1,329.976 km15,007 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 20GEOID 38020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.262500K: 0.266 | 0.748500K: 0.748 | 34.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 528.987 km8,514 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 20GEOID 38020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.262500K: 0.266 | 0.748500K: 0.748 | 29.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 528.987 km8,514 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 35GEOID 20035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.263500K: 0.263 | 0.768500K: 0.769 | 34.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 78.556 km844 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 4GEOID 51004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.280 | 0.693500K: 0.696 | 29.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.1% | 27.666 km1,104 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Barnstable-Dukes-Nantucket DistrictGEOID 25006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.068 | 0.654500K: 0.220 | 29.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 74.2% | 317.735 km1,056 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 149GEOID 13149 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.270 | 0.604500K: 0.604 | 29.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 178.011 km3,598 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 3rd Hampden DistrictGEOID 25046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.270 | 0.637500K: 0.636 | 29.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 194.123 km2,767 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 48GEOID 51048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.270 | 0.772500K: 0.772 | 29.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 357.998 km9,247 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Merrimack 16GEOID 33616 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.269 | 0.650500K: 0.652 | 29.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 29.417 km487 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 38GEOID 44038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.263500K: 0.244 | 0.687500K: 0.689 | 34.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.2% | 126.437 km2,847 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 61GEOID 37061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.272 | 0.760500K: 0.760 | 29.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 57.815 km1,218 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 31GEOID 51031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.263500K: 0.278 | 0.701500K: 0.701 | 34.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 313.603 km11,514 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 35GEOID 12035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.281 | 0.844500K: 0.844 | 29.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.3% | 439.033 km10,156 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 62GEOID 22062 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.274 | 0.710500K: 0.710 | 30.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 249.568 km5,682 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 52GEOID 28052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.278 | 0.733500K: 0.733 | 30.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.5% | 149.913 km3,522 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 115GEOID 48115 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.266 | 0.752500K: 0.752 | 30.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 86.383 km1,367 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · Congressional District 8GEOID 2708 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.263500K: 0.241 | 0.692500K: 0.668 | 47.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.4% | 2,138.101 km13,808 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 4GEOID 21004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.286 | 0.875500K: 0.875 | 30.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.9% | 261.789 km4,459 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · Congressional District 4GEOID 0504 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.263500K: 0.266 | 0.796500K: 0.796 | 47.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 1,690.168 km17,921 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 96GEOID 39096 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.263500K: 0.269 | 0.648500K: 0.648 | 30.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 370.553 km4,349 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 27GEOID 49027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.263500K: 0.267 | 0.643500K: 0.644 | 34.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 1,301.433 km15,222 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 5GEOID 40005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.263500K: 0.272 | 0.850500K: 0.850 | 34.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 736.293 km9,108 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 6GEOID 28006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.272 | 0.736500K: 0.736 | 30.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 83.526 km2,352 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 101GEOID 22101 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.268 | 0.682500K: 0.681 | 30.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 46.113 km1,233 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 97GEOID 48097 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.266 | 0.783500K: 0.783 | 30.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 131.655 km1,569 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 134GEOID 29134 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.277 | 0.760500K: 0.761 | 30.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 47.175 km1,109 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State House District 27GEOID 02027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.288 | 0.785500K: 0.787 | 30.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.6% | 79.531 km1,623 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State Senate District 3GEOID 47003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.264500K: 0.274 | 0.656500K: 0.657 | 34.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 347.805 km8,357 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 24GEOID 05024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.265 | 0.699500K: 0.698 | 30.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 246.012 km2,826 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 146GEOID 29146 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.273 | 0.814500K: 0.814 | 30.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 228.4 km3,340 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 20GEOID 40020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.265 | 0.661500K: 0.661 | 30.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 177.316 km2,012 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 11th Bristol DistrictGEOID 25020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.271 | 0.703500K: 0.702 | 30.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 23.731 km388 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 57GEOID 44057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.273 | 0.609500K: 0.609 | 30.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 24.024 km673 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 7GEOID 3607 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.264500K: 0.278 | 0.702500K: 0.703 | 47.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 52.524 km764 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 3rd Plymouth DistrictGEOID 25113 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.200 | 0.650500K: 0.565 | 30.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 24.2% | 102.029 km435 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · State Senate District 20GEOID 32020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.264500K: 0.267 | 0.687500K: 0.687 | 34.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 731.67 km5,364 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State Senate District 10GEOID 33010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.264500K: 0.267 | 0.722500K: 0.722 | 34.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 235.988 km2,312 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 36GEOID 42036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.264500K: 0.289 | 0.813500K: 0.814 | 34.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.5% | 205.913 km5,557 vertices · 12 parts · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 34GEOID 4834 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.264500K: 0.076 | 0.742500K: 0.640 | 47.7middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 71.1% | 816.533 km8,794 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 1GEOID 28001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.264500K: 0.284 | 0.757500K: 0.757 | 34.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.0% | 153.134 km5,016 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Congressional District 9GEOID 2509 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.264500K: 0.046 | 0.767500K: 0.385 | 48.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 82.6% | 634.633 km2,660 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 3GEOID 30003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.264500K: 0.270 | 0.715500K: 0.715 | 34.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 235.496 km3,237 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · Congressional District 11GEOID 5111 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.264500K: 0.279 | 0.766500K: 0.766 | 48.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 176.869 km7,595 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 24GEOID 16024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.264500K: 0.267 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 34.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 675.457 km5,677 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 24GEOID 16024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.267 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 30.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 675.457 km5,677 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 43GEOID 21043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.272 | 0.638500K: 0.641 | 30.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 43.761 km965 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 29GEOID 10029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.270 | 0.642500K: 0.642 | 30.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 62.431 km1,356 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 77GEOID 47077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.272 | 0.708500K: 0.708 | 30.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 369.561 km5,298 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 50GEOID 19050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.264500K: 0.282 | 0.726500K: 0.725 | 30.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.1% | 34.664 km614 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Congressional District 8GEOID 5308 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.264500K: 0.272 | 0.742500K: 0.742 | 48.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 1,107.519 km15,870 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 135GEOID 13135 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.265500K: 0.275 | 0.799500K: 0.799 | 30.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 221.806 km3,607 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 46GEOID 26046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.265500K: 0.270 | 0.729500K: 0.729 | 30.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 141.291 km1,006 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · Congressional District 17GEOID 4217 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.265500K: 0.274 | 0.755500K: 0.756 | 48.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 334.184 km5,961 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · State Senate District 7GEOID 54007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.265500K: 0.277 | 0.809500K: 0.809 | 35.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 452.17 km9,113 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 61GEOID 29061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.265500K: 0.266 | 0.637500K: 0.637 | 30.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 441.847 km3,572 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 55GEOID 08055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.265500K: 0.274 | 0.751500K: 0.753 | 30.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 90.977 km1,547 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 3GEOID 05003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.265500K: 0.270 | 0.783500K: 0.783 | 35.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 678.624 km11,838 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · Congressional District 3GEOID 2403 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.265500K: 0.233 | 0.755500K: 0.747 | 48.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 12.2% | 274.078 km6,596 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 11GEOID 0611 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.265500K: 0.307 | 0.355500K: 0.240 | 49.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 13.6% | 166.754 km685 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 8GEOID 09008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.265500K: 0.269 | 0.718500K: 0.718 | 35.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 195.783 km2,741 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 32GEOID 35032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.265500K: 0.266 | 0.658500K: 0.658 | 35.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 523.83 km3,135 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 77GEOID 01077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.265500K: 0.271 | 0.754500K: 0.754 | 30.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 47.823 km1,008 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 2GEOID 21002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.265500K: 0.279 | 0.675500K: 0.675 | 35.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 417.81 km7,271 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 26GEOID 24026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.265500K: 0.282 | 0.770500K: 0.771 | 35.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.9% | 96.706 km4,130 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 26GEOID 24026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.265500K: 0.282 | 0.770500K: 0.771 | 30.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.9% | 96.706 km4,130 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 12GEOID 47012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.265500K: 0.286 | 0.815500K: 0.816 | 30.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.4% | 232.76 km6,008 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 24GEOID 41024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.265500K: 0.271 | 0.668500K: 0.669 | 35.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 84.962 km1,446 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 36GEOID 08036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.265500K: 0.268 | 0.759500K: 0.759 | 30.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 137.076 km1,045 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 4GEOID 13004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.265500K: 0.277 | 0.753500K: 0.753 | 35.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 448.587 km9,898 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 57GEOID 41057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.265500K: 0.268 | 0.717500K: 0.717 | 30.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 1,060.247 km9,484 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 49GEOID 0649 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.265500K: 0.214 | 0.750500K: 0.674 | 49.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 19.3% | 286.934 km4,536 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features