Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 3,501–3,600 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MN · State Senate District 1GEOID 27001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.315500K: 0.322 | 0.844500K: 0.844 | 50.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 943.261 km20,422 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 139GEOID 29139 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.315500K: 0.326 | 0.866500K: 0.867 | 45.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 116.544 km1,981 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 6GEOID 41006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.315500K: 0.322 | 0.849500K: 0.849 | 50.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 707.913 km11,818 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 45GEOID 18045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.315500K: 0.318 | 0.770500K: 0.771 | 45.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 376.828 km3,467 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 131GEOID 29131 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.315500K: 0.318 | 0.830500K: 0.830 | 45.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 196.394 km2,378 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 85GEOID 51085 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.315500K: 0.255 | 0.627500K: 0.620 | 45.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 18.9% | 72.051 km894 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 26GEOID 56026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.315500K: 0.323 | 0.808500K: 0.808 | 45.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 455.569 km4,384 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 47GEOID 05047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.315500K: 0.319 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 45.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 181.292 km1,818 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 29GEOID 30029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.315500K: 0.327 | 0.852500K: 0.852 | 45.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 783.235 km12,460 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 15GEOID 13015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.315500K: 0.326 | 0.830500K: 0.830 | 50.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 465.793 km7,015 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 37GEOID 20037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.315500K: 0.316 | 0.671500K: 0.671 | 50.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 191.071 km1,926 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 31GEOID 37031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.315500K: 0.318 | 0.790500K: 0.790 | 50.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 278.506 km5,960 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Second Worcester DistrictGEOID 25D08 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.315500K: 0.320 | 0.740500K: 0.740 | 50.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 106.553 km1,239 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 23GEOID 28023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.315500K: 0.318 | 0.740500K: 0.740 | 45.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 322.443 km3,164 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 3GEOID 54003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.315500K: 0.323 | 0.783500K: 0.785 | 45.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 98.617 km2,299 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 18GEOID 17018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.315500K: 0.322 | 0.776500K: 0.777 | 50.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 82.183 km2,356 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 165GEOID 42165 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.315500K: 0.339 | 0.790500K: 0.791 | 45.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 47.253 km1,789 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Worcester and Hampden DistrictGEOID 25D07 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.315500K: 0.325 | 0.807500K: 0.807 | 50.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 217.307 km2,940 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · State Senate District 19GEOID 06019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.316500K: 0.319 | 0.921500K: 0.921 | 50.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 1,391.061 km14,321 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 32GEOID 41032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.258 | 0.736500K: 0.693 | 45.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 18.2% | 503.663 km2,803 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Senate District 17GEOID 10017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.316500K: 0.322 | 0.715500K: 0.715 | 50.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 55.227 km1,362 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 140GEOID 09140 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.357 | 0.753500K: 0.753 | 45.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.5% | 14.874 km634 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 99GEOID 19099 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.320 | 0.715500K: 0.715 | 45.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 146.657 km1,316 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 8GEOID 51008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.316500K: 0.322 | 0.807500K: 0.808 | 50.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 370.427 km9,564 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 172GEOID 42172 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.322 | 0.712500K: 0.712 | 45.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 28.52 km360 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 69GEOID 17069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.320 | 0.762500K: 0.762 | 45.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 232.045 km2,663 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 172GEOID 13172 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.340 | 0.765500K: 0.766 | 45.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 283.913 km5,794 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 34GEOID 37034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.320 | 0.775500K: 0.776 | 45.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 52.981 km1,631 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 37GEOID 09037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.301 | 0.747500K: 0.721 | 45.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 82.926 km1,615 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State House District 9GEOID 02009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.249 | 0.723500K: 0.682 | 45.9middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 21.3% | 266.022 km721 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 27GEOID 55027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.331 | 0.742500K: 0.743 | 45.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.5% | 218.643 km7,573 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 32GEOID 51032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.327 | 0.770500K: 0.770 | 45.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 190.018 km4,840 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 1st Hampden DistrictGEOID 25044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.330 | 0.707500K: 0.707 | 45.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 142.334 km2,648 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 3GEOID 72003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.342 | 0.684500K: 0.683 | 46.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.4% | 29.87 km867 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 27GEOID 19027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.316500K: 0.317 | 0.657500K: 0.657 | 50.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 490.831 km3,588 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 114GEOID 13114 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.330 | 0.766500K: 0.766 | 46.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 241.658 km7,635 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 31GEOID 47031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.321 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 46.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 363.381 km5,340 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 8GEOID 41008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.316500K: 0.320 | 0.771500K: 0.771 | 50.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 169.008 km2,059 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 149GEOID 09149 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.316500K: 0.325 | 0.720500K: 0.721 | 46.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 63.943 km1,536 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 44GEOID 42044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.317500K: 0.321 | 0.799500K: 0.800 | 50.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 193.115 km2,783 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 60GEOID 19060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.317 | 0.722500K: 0.722 | 46.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 346.151 km2,535 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Lamoille-Washington State House DistrictGEOID 50L-W · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.326 | 0.729500K: 0.729 | 46.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 133.029 km1,955 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 45GEOID 29045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.323 | 0.731500K: 0.732 | 46.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 33.619 km1,059 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 36GEOID 12036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.330 | 0.734500K: 0.734 | 46.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 134.097 km2,371 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 67GEOID 20067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.331 | 0.737500K: 0.739 | 46.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 42.856 km936 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 81GEOID 37081 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.323 | 0.754500K: 0.754 | 46.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 165.453 km4,565 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 43GEOID 13043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.333 | 0.775500K: 0.775 | 46.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 41.853 km1,263 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 40GEOID 24040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.317500K: 0.334 | 0.808500K: 0.809 | 50.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 38.357 km1,072 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 40GEOID 24040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.334 | 0.808500K: 0.809 | 46.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 38.357 km1,072 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 8GEOID 26008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.319 | 0.682500K: 0.682 | 46.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 44.239 km601 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 99GEOID 30099 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.326 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 46.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 99.45 km1,129 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 52GEOID 17052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.317500K: 0.320 | 0.712500K: 0.712 | 50.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 246.29 km2,266 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 52GEOID 48052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.322 | 0.793500K: 0.793 | 46.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 265.957 km2,777 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · Congressional District 8GEOID 0408 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.317500K: 0.321 | 0.760500K: 0.760 | 68.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 243.729 km2,738 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Senate District 9GEOID 10009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.317500K: 0.336 | 0.727500K: 0.728 | 51.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 45.253 km1,364 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 14th Worcester DistrictGEOID 25155 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.327 | 0.696500K: 0.696 | 46.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 48.206 km623 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 80GEOID 37080 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.317500K: 0.322 | 0.805500K: 0.805 | 46.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 175.679 km4,834 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · Congressional District 4GEOID 1204 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.317500K: 0.372 | 0.755500K: 0.791 | 68.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 14.8% | 450.937 km7,054 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 39GEOID 01039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.320 | 0.708500K: 0.708 | 46.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 298.759 km2,327 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 59GEOID 17059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.318500K: 0.330 | 0.782500K: 0.782 | 51.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 641.919 km11,151 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 57GEOID 37057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.327 | 0.808500K: 0.808 | 46.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 71.079 km1,473 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 116GEOID 23116 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.338 | 0.670500K: 0.678 | 46.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.0% | 16.324 km444 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 54GEOID 51054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.339 | 0.771500K: 0.772 | 46.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.4% | 55.994 km1,609 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 53AGEOID 2753A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.324 | 0.677500K: 0.677 | 46.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 59.043 km673 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 7GEOID 51007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.318500K: 0.323 | 0.849500K: 0.849 | 51.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 571.945 km9,899 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 186GEOID 42186 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.320 | 0.776500K: 0.776 | 46.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 18.793 km261 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 30GEOID 38030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.318500K: 0.324 | 0.725500K: 0.726 | 51.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 73.672 km814 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 30GEOID 38030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.324 | 0.725500K: 0.726 | 46.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 73.672 km814 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 83GEOID 42083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.322 | 0.706500K: 0.706 | 46.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 148.007 km1,967 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 17GEOID 27017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.318500K: 0.321 | 0.784500K: 0.784 | 51.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 401.959 km3,667 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 82GEOID 40082 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.318 | 0.632500K: 0.632 | 46.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 45.166 km529 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Merrimack 06GEOID 33606 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.318 | 0.721500K: 0.721 | 46.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 86.33 km323 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 75GEOID 37075 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.323 | 0.724500K: 0.724 | 46.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 110.83 km2,109 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 39GEOID 44039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.377 | 0.810500K: 0.810 | 46.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 15.6% | 102.742 km4,394 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 27GEOID 42027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.318500K: 0.322 | 0.754500K: 0.754 | 51.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 416.479 km5,334 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 29GEOID 16029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.318500K: 0.328 | 0.757500K: 0.759 | 51.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 62.703 km838 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 29GEOID 16029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.328 | 0.757500K: 0.759 | 46.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 62.703 km838 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 13GEOID 29013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.318500K: 0.324 | 0.742500K: 0.742 | 51.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 92.259 km1,372 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 94GEOID 42094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.331 | 0.774500K: 0.774 | 46.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 135.869 km3,082 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 17GEOID 49017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.330 | 0.707500K: 0.709 | 46.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 57.873 km1,424 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 65GEOID 49065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.318500K: 0.332 | 0.793500K: 0.794 | 46.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 106.572 km2,549 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State Senate District 26GEOID 22026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.318500K: 0.236 | 0.807500K: 0.765 | 51.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 25.9% | 465.363 km3,900 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 35GEOID 18035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.319500K: 0.322 | 0.693500K: 0.694 | 51.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 121.604 km1,477 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 41GEOID 35041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.327 | 0.812500K: 0.812 | 46.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 695.637 km15,536 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 63GEOID 23063 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.321 | 0.690500K: 0.690 | 46.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 105.74 km1,301 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State Senate District 13GEOID 12013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.319500K: 0.325 | 0.716500K: 0.716 | 51.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 363.329 km4,778 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 80GEOID 06080 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.324 | 0.762500K: 0.761 | 46.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 105.835 km1,361 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 137GEOID 29137 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.325 | 0.780500K: 0.780 | 46.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 132.428 km2,243 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 69GEOID 48069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.323 | 0.701500K: 0.701 | 46.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 1,123.265 km6,005 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State Senate District PGEOID 0200P · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.319500K: 0.329 | 0.808500K: 0.808 | 51.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 71.853 km1,238 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 74GEOID 17074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.320 | 0.708500K: 0.708 | 46.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 395.864 km3,175 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 11GEOID 39011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.319500K: 0.190 | 0.709500K: 0.536 | 51.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 40.4% | 209.059 km1,501 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 12GEOID 54012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.327 | 0.680500K: 0.681 | 46.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 38.646 km970 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 12GEOID 29012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.325 | 0.737500K: 0.738 | 46.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 60.978 km616 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 21GEOID 45021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.324 | 0.656500K: 0.656 | 46.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 49.947 km1,212 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 28GEOID 23028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.319500K: 0.105 | 0.677500K: 0.259 | 51.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 67.2% | 89.457 km642 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · Congressional District 2GEOID 1602 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.319500K: 0.328 | 0.812500K: 0.812 | 69.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 2,108.516 km24,204 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 65GEOID 28065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.325 | 0.648500K: 0.647 | 46.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 27.263 km678 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 128GEOID 13128 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.338 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 46.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 429.865 km8,419 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 41GEOID 18041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.323 | 0.762500K: 0.763 | 46.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 248.09 km2,187 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features