Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 3,601–3,700 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WI · Assembly District 53GEOID 55053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.348 | 0.751500K: 0.753 | 46.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.3% | 53.284 km2,050 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Merrimack 10GEOID 33610 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.320 | 0.671500K: 0.671 | 46.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 83.457 km736 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 12GEOID 41012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.327 | 0.835500K: 0.835 | 46.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 561.958 km9,306 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 18GEOID 40018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.324 | 0.773500K: 0.773 | 46.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 484.258 km6,376 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 19GEOID 56019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.319500K: 0.328 | 0.809500K: 0.809 | 51.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 460 km4,490 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 58GEOID 17058 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.388 | 0.760500K: 0.763 | 47.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 17.6% | 77.449 km6,474 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 93GEOID 28093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.327 | 0.803500K: 0.803 | 47.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 229.574 km2,889 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State Senate District 27GEOID 04027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.319500K: 0.326 | 0.668500K: 0.668 | 51.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 77.741 km1,194 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State House District 27GEOID 04027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.326 | 0.668500K: 0.668 | 47.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 77.741 km1,194 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 97GEOID 30097 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.319500K: 0.345 | 0.742500K: 0.744 | 47.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.3% | 32.012 km478 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 12GEOID 30012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.320500K: 0.349 | 0.735500K: 0.736 | 51.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.4% | 33.593 km732 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 32GEOID 18032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.320500K: 0.322 | 0.781500K: 0.781 | 51.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 108.016 km1,384 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 2GEOID 55002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.320500K: 0.361 | 0.813500K: 0.813 | 51.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.6% | 448.82 km8,144 vertices · 4 parts · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 7GEOID 17007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.324 | 0.732500K: 0.733 | 47.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 51.99 km1,508 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 35GEOID 09035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.320500K: 0.326 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 51.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 205.05 km2,420 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 16GEOID 48016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.339 | 0.785500K: 0.786 | 47.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.7% | 233.393 km3,375 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 59GEOID 08059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.327 | 0.773500K: 0.773 | 47.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 710.926 km6,715 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 64GEOID 20064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.323 | 0.773500K: 0.773 | 47.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 408.323 km8,114 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 5GEOID 49005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.334 | 0.781500K: 0.782 | 47.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 227.493 km7,583 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 115GEOID 23115 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.331 | 0.710500K: 0.712 | 47.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 13.364 km301 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 141GEOID 36141 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.326 | 0.796500K: 0.796 | 47.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 41.574 km668 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 62GEOID 19062 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.326 | 0.752500K: 0.751 | 47.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 57.116 km594 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 79GEOID 30079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.331 | 0.731500K: 0.731 | 47.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 130.21 km2,679 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 84GEOID 01084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.342 | 0.748500K: 0.748 | 47.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.5% | 448.698 km5,906 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 35GEOID 30035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.320500K: 0.340 | 0.858500K: 0.858 | 52.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.7% | 995.653 km18,961 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Merrimack 05GEOID 33605 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.326 | 0.774500K: 0.774 | 47.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 133.044 km1,299 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Addison-2 State House DistrictGEOID 50A-2 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.321 | 0.682500K: 0.682 | 47.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 123.674 km904 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 61GEOID 51061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.336 | 0.777500K: 0.777 | 47.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 278.539 km6,993 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 74GEOID 21074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.329 | 0.901500K: 0.901 | 47.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 264.535 km3,421 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 114GEOID 09114 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.329 | 0.680500K: 0.681 | 47.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 57.566 km1,104 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 46GEOID 35046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.331 | 0.858500K: 0.858 | 47.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 220.044 km4,877 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 8GEOID 29008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.325 | 0.822500K: 0.822 | 47.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 188.344 km1,768 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 27th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25085 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.320500K: 0.348 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 47.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.0% | 14.052 km302 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 67GEOID 54067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.333 | 0.801500K: 0.801 | 47.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 279.406 km7,731 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Congressional District 2GEOID 5302 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.321500K: 0.052 | 0.764500K: 0.648 | 69.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 83.7% | 768.625 km5,676 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 13GEOID 29013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.324 | 0.813500K: 0.814 | 47.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 259.831 km2,238 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 21GEOID 46021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.321500K: 0.328 | 0.731500K: 0.731 | 52.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 709.519 km7,457 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 21GEOID 46021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.328 | 0.731500K: 0.731 | 47.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 709.519 km7,457 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 34GEOID 35034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.321500K: 0.322 | 0.825500K: 0.825 | 52.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 851.878 km5,203 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 52GEOID 49052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.337 | 0.694500K: 0.695 | 47.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 44.119 km612 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 143GEOID 29143 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.321 | 0.733500K: 0.733 | 47.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 455.13 km3,260 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 57GEOID 39057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.238 | 0.809500K: 0.746 | 47.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 25.8% | 249.02 km1,987 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 59GEOID 09059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.331 | 0.731500K: 0.732 | 47.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 58.554 km903 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 46GEOID 19046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.321500K: 0.325 | 0.804500K: 0.804 | 52.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 405.637 km4,103 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 115GEOID 45115 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.229 | 0.846500K: 0.733 | 47.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 28.7% | 148.921 km2,154 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 39BGEOID 2739B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.322 | 0.647500K: 0.647 | 47.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 29.966 km381 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 85GEOID 17085 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.328 | 0.799500K: 0.799 | 47.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 76.72 km1,575 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 8GEOID 36008 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.321500K: 0.269 | 0.711500K: 0.647 | 52.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 16.2% | 158.403 km1,384 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 17GEOID 08017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.332 | 0.787500K: 0.787 | 47.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 59.417 km1,328 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 19GEOID 39019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.321500K: 0.322 | 0.736500K: 0.736 | 52.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 447.449 km3,245 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 44GEOID 26044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.322 | 0.680500K: 0.680 | 47.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 160.701 km907 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 5GEOID 32005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.324 | 0.693500K: 0.693 | 47.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 32.489 km755 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 14th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.321500K: 0.333 | 0.727500K: 0.727 | 47.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 73.086 km1,238 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 47GEOID 36047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.323 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 52.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 24.25 km274 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State Senate District 28GEOID 47028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.326 | 0.720500K: 0.720 | 52.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 437.938 km4,835 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 18GEOID 29018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.329 | 0.751500K: 0.754 | 47.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 43.533 km566 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 4th Bristol DistrictGEOID 25013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.338 | 0.717500K: 0.719 | 47.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 96.107 km1,789 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 28GEOID 35028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.332 | 0.784500K: 0.785 | 47.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 25.712 km397 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 39GEOID 35039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.329 | 0.717500K: 0.717 | 47.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 706.588 km9,215 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State Senate District 29GEOID 41029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.327 | 0.776500K: 0.776 | 52.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 1,313.001 km16,760 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 93GEOID 17093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.323 | 0.799500K: 0.799 | 47.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 407.185 km4,549 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 72GEOID 28072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.324 | 0.626500K: 0.627 | 47.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 39.236 km557 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 17GEOID 13017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.335 | 0.800500K: 0.800 | 52.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 136.063 km3,595 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 3rd Essex DistrictGEOID 25026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.330 | 0.741500K: 0.743 | 47.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 47.865 km858 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 28GEOID 24028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.280 | 0.717500K: 0.658 | 52.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 13.0% | 243.536 km5,884 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 28GEOID 24028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.280 | 0.717500K: 0.658 | 47.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 13.0% | 243.536 km5,884 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · Congressional District 3GEOID 5103 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.322500K: 0.122 | 0.708500K: 0.535 | 69.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 62.1% | 212.697 km3,169 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 45GEOID 44045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.332 | 0.671500K: 0.670 | 47.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 27.121 km722 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Lamoille-2 State House DistrictGEOID 50L-2 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.325 | 0.661500K: 0.662 | 47.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 126.915 km1,116 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 36GEOID 51036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.337 | 0.794500K: 0.796 | 52.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 98.93 km4,467 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 151GEOID 29151 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.336 | 0.842500K: 0.842 | 47.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 364.905 km7,212 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 134GEOID 48134 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.328 | 0.803500K: 0.803 | 47.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 57.83 km915 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 45GEOID 20045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.326 | 0.660500K: 0.660 | 48.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 68.773 km690 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 54GEOID 36054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.322 | 0.734500K: 0.751 | 52.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 537.287 km4,978 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 48GEOID 29048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.326 | 0.774500K: 0.774 | 48.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 444.471 km5,754 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 31GEOID 23031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.367 | 0.739500K: 0.769 | 52.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 12.2% | 108.395 km1,393 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 131GEOID 09131 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.335 | 0.721500K: 0.722 | 48.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 67.89 km1,300 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 48GEOID 42048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.335 | 0.708500K: 0.708 | 52.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 297.831 km6,852 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 28GEOID 22028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.330 | 0.830500K: 0.831 | 48.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 328.011 km3,772 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 21GEOID 30021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.353 | 0.719500K: 0.721 | 48.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.7% | 24.565 km754 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 49GEOID 17049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.327 | 0.727500K: 0.727 | 52.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 102.819 km1,674 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State Senate District 18GEOID 45018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.322500K: 0.328 | 0.765500K: 0.765 | 52.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 283.246 km5,474 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 21GEOID 32021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.324 | 0.723500K: 0.723 | 48.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 34.959 km824 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 39GEOID 51039 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.322500K: 0.333 | 0.822500K: 0.822 | 48.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 277.756 km4,572 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 69GEOID 18069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.327 | 0.800500K: 0.800 | 48.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 261.032 km2,254 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 122GEOID 45122 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.332 | 0.823500K: 0.824 | 48.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 357.183 km6,633 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 5GEOID 55005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.334 | 0.799500K: 0.799 | 48.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.3% | 164.228 km1,845 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 1GEOID 26001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.336 | 0.687500K: 0.680 | 48.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 50.761 km791 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 88GEOID 18088 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.329 | 0.703500K: 0.703 | 48.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 107.851 km1,331 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 28GEOID 05028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.323500K: 0.330 | 0.828500K: 0.828 | 52.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 554.268 km7,616 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 63GEOID 40063 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.330 | 0.802500K: 0.802 | 48.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 530.076 km4,304 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 23GEOID 51023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.330 | 0.751500K: 0.752 | 48.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 123.637 km2,150 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 106GEOID 48106 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.329 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 48.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 169.483 km2,355 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State Senate District 27GEOID 12027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.323500K: 0.290 | 0.600500K: 0.634 | 52.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.2% | 587.988 km5,517 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 23GEOID 48023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.071 | 0.842500K: 0.524 | 48.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 77.9% | 391.054 km4,469 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 17th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25075 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.335 | 0.701500K: 0.702 | 48.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 28.843 km601 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 11GEOID 44011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.349 | 0.748500K: 0.759 | 48.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.4% | 9.855 km331 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 6GEOID 0606 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.323500K: 0.333 | 0.842500K: 0.842 | 69.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 159.938 km2,919 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Congressional District 14GEOID 0614 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.323500K: 0.333 | 0.727500K: 0.733 | 70.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 247.633 km2,959 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 18GEOID 24018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.323500K: 0.357 | 0.833500K: 0.834 | 52.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.5% | 45.492 km1,155 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features