Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 3,801–3,900 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PA · State Senate District 2GEOID 42002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.334 | 0.793500K: 0.792 | 54.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 41.234 km662 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 14GEOID 55014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.333 | 0.757500K: 0.756 | 54.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 500.006 km5,013 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 105GEOID 13105 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.338 | 0.729500K: 0.730 | 49.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 57.111 km1,411 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 61GEOID 06061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.299 | 0.705500K: 0.678 | 49.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.1% | 80.987 km1,098 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 7GEOID 39007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.335 | 0.712500K: 0.712 | 54.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 214.395 km4,078 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 7GEOID 21007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.335 | 0.791500K: 0.792 | 49.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 150.618 km1,755 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 146GEOID 42146 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.332 | 0.721500K: 0.721 | 49.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 61.985 km1,084 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 37GEOID 26037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.043 | 0.760500K: 0.443 | 54.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 86.9% | 985.008 km2,438 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 18GEOID 16018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.335 | 0.724500K: 0.725 | 54.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 118.853 km1,444 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 18GEOID 16018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.335 | 0.724500K: 0.725 | 49.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 118.853 km1,444 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 137GEOID 09137 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.146 | 0.736500K: 0.524 | 49.7middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 55.8% | 40.827 km837 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 13GEOID 19013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.333 | 0.805500K: 0.805 | 49.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 453.02 km4,092 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 29GEOID 21029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.342 | 0.777500K: 0.778 | 49.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 68.13 km2,132 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 82GEOID 30082 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.334 | 0.751500K: 0.751 | 49.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 36.457 km631 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 19GEOID 55019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.348 | 0.821500K: 0.821 | 54.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 446.531 km6,779 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 46GEOID 18046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.332 | 0.761500K: 0.761 | 54.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 60.554 km1,009 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 31GEOID 33531 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.330 | 0.685500K: 0.685 | 49.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 75.648 km233 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 103GEOID 17103 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.337 | 0.802500K: 0.802 | 49.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 50.425 km976 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 32GEOID 45032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.338 | 0.770500K: 0.771 | 49.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 79.319 km1,680 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 41GEOID 37041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.343 | 0.743500K: 0.743 | 49.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 67.932 km2,524 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 15th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25073 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.337 | 0.786500K: 0.787 | 49.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 44.314 km802 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 84GEOID 05084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.342 | 0.758500K: 0.758 | 49.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 115.214 km3,481 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 98GEOID 55098 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.331 | 0.756500K: 0.756 | 49.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 121.076 km1,309 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 17GEOID 55017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.350 | 0.744500K: 0.745 | 50.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.7% | 28.263 km767 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 37GEOID 31037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.330500K: 0.336 | 0.792500K: 0.792 | 55.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 123.004 km1,223 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 98GEOID 19098 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.334 | 0.792500K: 0.793 | 50.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 63.313 km714 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 14GEOID 39014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.330500K: 0.335 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 55.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 460.877 km8,155 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 149GEOID 23149 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.338 | 0.649500K: 0.651 | 50.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 64.171 km1,229 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 63GEOID 44063 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.335 | 0.688500K: 0.690 | 50.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 21.688 km436 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 37GEOID 56037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.343 | 0.747500K: 0.748 | 50.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 85.3 km1,265 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 15GEOID 29015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.340 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 50.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 33.98 km513 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 34GEOID 24034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.330500K: 0.134 | 0.761500K: 0.579 | 55.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 59.5% | 143.589 km1,975 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 34GEOID 29034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.330500K: 0.333 | 0.717500K: 0.717 | 50.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 49.164 km400 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · Congressional District 5GEOID 2405 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.331500K: 0.199 | 0.783500K: 0.722 | 71.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 39.6% | 477.112 km8,780 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 49GEOID 36049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.225 | 0.756500K: 0.739 | 55.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 31.8% | 928.605 km3,116 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 15GEOID 23015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.338 | 0.761500K: 0.761 | 55.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 174.395 km2,109 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · State Senate District 13GEOID 55013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.332 | 0.720500K: 0.720 | 55.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 475.956 km3,119 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 45GEOID 55045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.332 | 0.609500K: 0.609 | 50.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 157.987 km1,444 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 27GEOID 09027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.161 | 0.740500K: 0.555 | 55.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 51.3% | 63.862 km1,281 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 4GEOID 27004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.344 | 0.825500K: 0.825 | 55.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 363.145 km3,479 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 4GEOID 01004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.334 | 0.840500K: 0.840 | 55.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 457.876 km6,087 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 122GEOID 20122 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.331 | 0.845500K: 0.845 | 50.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 585.869 km3,634 vertices · 1 part · 1 hole |
| ME · State House District 113GEOID 23113 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.344 | 0.753500K: 0.757 | 50.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 25.939 km626 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 38GEOID 44038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.373 | 0.754500K: 0.755 | 50.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.2% | 64.01 km2,474 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 33GEOID 26033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.332 | 0.697500K: 0.697 | 55.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 535.667 km2,795 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 21GEOID 42021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.346 | 0.815500K: 0.816 | 50.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 44.341 km1,159 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State Senate District 46GEOID 28046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.322 | 0.813500K: 0.812 | 55.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 268.304 km3,054 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State Senate District 1GEOID 47001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.340 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 55.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 354.936 km5,792 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · Congressional District 4GEOID 0904 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.331500K: 0.226 | 0.702500K: 0.661 | 71.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 31.8% | 227.349 km3,128 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 66GEOID 54066 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.344 | 0.830500K: 0.830 | 50.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 346.3 km7,518 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 21GEOID 13021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.339 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 55.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 189.753 km3,432 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 54GEOID 23054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.333 | 0.665500K: 0.665 | 50.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 52.503 km756 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Cheshire 08GEOID 33208 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.334 | 0.711500K: 0.712 | 50.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 96.552 km589 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 50GEOID 09050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.337 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 50.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 140.384 km1,998 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 154GEOID 13154 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.350 | 0.792500K: 0.792 | 50.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 507.341 km9,359 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 18GEOID 53018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.331500K: 0.349 | 0.780500K: 0.780 | 55.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.9% | 89.617 km1,945 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 18GEOID 53018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.331500K: 0.349 | 0.780500K: 0.780 | 50.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.9% | 89.617 km1,945 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 15GEOID 13015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.349 | 0.788500K: 0.788 | 50.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 119.995 km2,600 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 30GEOID 44030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.332500K: 0.170 | 0.724500K: 0.570 | 55.7middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 48.7% | 49.51 km1,451 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative Subdistrict 1AGEOID 2401A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.346 | 0.854500K: 0.854 | 50.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 268.215 km5,263 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 108GEOID 09108 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.342 | 0.839500K: 0.840 | 50.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 78.819 km1,348 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 11GEOID 13011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.332500K: 0.344 | 0.793500K: 0.793 | 55.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 558.737 km7,185 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 83GEOID 45083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.342 | 0.778500K: 0.778 | 50.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 137.923 km4,349 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 34GEOID 40034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.332500K: 0.333 | 0.706500K: 0.707 | 55.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 100.064 km996 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State Senate District 5GEOID 04005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.332500K: 0.335 | 0.725500K: 0.725 | 55.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 66.862 km916 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State House District 5GEOID 04005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.335 | 0.725500K: 0.725 | 50.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 66.862 km916 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Sullivan 06GEOID 33906 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.333 | 0.664500K: 0.665 | 50.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 89.347 km816 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 48GEOID 30048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.337 | 0.707500K: 0.707 | 50.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 32.994 km830 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 35GEOID 30035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.338 | 0.870500K: 0.870 | 50.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 1,077.087 km11,528 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 70GEOID 42070 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.335 | 0.726500K: 0.726 | 50.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 69.26 km945 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 34GEOID 44034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.335 | 0.727500K: 0.732 | 50.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 56.797 km1,339 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 104GEOID 28104 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.337 | 0.823500K: 0.823 | 50.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 182.757 km2,071 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 7th Worcester DistrictGEOID 25148 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.332500K: 0.337 | 0.751500K: 0.751 | 50.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 78.258 km1,308 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 38GEOID 22038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.338 | 0.796500K: 0.796 | 50.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 339.112 km4,234 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 12GEOID 55012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.343 | 0.814500K: 0.815 | 50.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 43.77 km774 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 41GEOID 37041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.333500K: 0.336 | 0.715500K: 0.715 | 55.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 93.172 km2,005 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 34GEOID 45034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.339 | 0.775500K: 0.776 | 50.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 77.861 km1,518 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 118GEOID 12118 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.334 | 0.788500K: 0.788 | 50.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 59.454 km571 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 41GEOID 01041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.362 | 0.818500K: 0.818 | 50.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.1% | 208.401 km7,528 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 21st Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25079 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.341 | 0.760500K: 0.760 | 50.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 51.805 km802 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 14GEOID 18014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.335 | 0.731500K: 0.731 | 50.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 60.828 km1,114 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 29GEOID 72029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.360 | 0.783500K: 0.785 | 50.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.5% | 93.148 km2,470 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 56GEOID 41056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.339 | 0.812500K: 0.812 | 50.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 505.366 km6,161 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 9GEOID 12009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.342 | 0.881500K: 0.881 | 50.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 376.416 km8,391 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State Senate District 34GEOID 13034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.333500K: 0.348 | 0.740500K: 0.741 | 56.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.3% | 102.464 km2,719 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 58GEOID 51058 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.353 | 0.796500K: 0.797 | 50.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.8% | 56.2 km3,486 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 52AGEOID 2752A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.337 | 0.683500K: 0.684 | 50.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 45.152 km593 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 13GEOID 05013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.333500K: 0.342 | 0.800500K: 0.800 | 56.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 105.671 km2,259 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 17GEOID 35017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.333500K: 0.336 | 0.739500K: 0.739 | 56.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 27.688 km351 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 133GEOID 29133 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.347 | 0.782500K: 0.784 | 50.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 35.071 km983 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 47GEOID 23047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.336 | 0.711500K: 0.712 | 50.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 122.951 km1,364 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 41GEOID 41041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.339 | 0.763500K: 0.764 | 50.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 39.238 km594 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 41GEOID 55041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.337 | 0.730500K: 0.730 | 50.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 359.648 km2,574 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 38GEOID 21038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.333500K: 0.348 | 0.822500K: 0.822 | 56.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 182.099 km3,909 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 48GEOID 05048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.336 | 0.728500K: 0.729 | 50.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 80.08 km1,139 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 41GEOID 24041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.333500K: 0.341 | 0.731500K: 0.731 | 56.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 45.055 km976 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Legislative District 41GEOID 24041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.333500K: 0.341 | 0.731500K: 0.731 | 50.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 45.055 km976 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 6GEOID 16006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.334500K: 0.338 | 0.761500K: 0.761 | 56.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 450.878 km5,911 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 6GEOID 16006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.338 | 0.761500K: 0.761 | 50.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 450.878 km5,911 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 29GEOID 44029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.334500K: 0.344 | 0.713500K: 0.716 | 51.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 62.146 km1,221 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features