Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 3,701–3,800 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD · State Legislative District 18GEOID 24018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.357 | 0.833500K: 0.834 | 48.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.5% | 45.492 km1,155 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 62GEOID 47062 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.330 | 0.867500K: 0.867 | 48.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 298.442 km4,901 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 26GEOID 55026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.378 | 0.833500K: 0.843 | 48.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 14.5% | 66.614 km3,254 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 94GEOID 23094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.331 | 0.679500K: 0.678 | 48.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 23.048 km432 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 77GEOID 55077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.323500K: 0.341 | 0.745500K: 0.745 | 48.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 44.365 km1,307 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 20GEOID 36020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.324500K: 0.326 | 0.759500K: 0.759 | 53.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 24.888 km259 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 101GEOID 48101 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.324500K: 0.329 | 0.763500K: 0.764 | 48.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 67.673 km905 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 37GEOID 21037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.324500K: 0.330 | 0.768500K: 0.769 | 53.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 59.724 km1,214 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MD · State Senate District 35GEOID 24035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.324500K: 0.326 | 0.849500K: 0.844 | 53.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 194.129 km3,783 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Senate District 10GEOID 10010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.324500K: 0.342 | 0.780500K: 0.781 | 53.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 78.04 km1,211 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 19GEOID 17019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.324500K: 0.329 | 0.781500K: 0.782 | 53.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 117.083 km2,778 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 56GEOID 56056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.324500K: 0.330 | 0.747500K: 0.748 | 48.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 21.531 km496 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 30GEOID 51030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.324500K: 0.344 | 0.769500K: 0.770 | 48.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.7% | 257.177 km10,371 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 93GEOID 01093 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.324500K: 0.344 | 0.776500K: 0.776 | 48.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.6% | 186.299 km2,629 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 112GEOID 36112 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.324500K: 0.332 | 0.737500K: 0.738 | 48.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 196.922 km1,885 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 9GEOID 40009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.324500K: 0.327 | 0.709500K: 0.709 | 48.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 80.867 km1,486 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 33GEOID 36033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.324500K: 0.330 | 0.697500K: 0.697 | 48.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 25.238 km408 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 41GEOID 39041 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.333 | 0.754500K: 0.754 | 48.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 74.949 km872 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 147GEOID 36147 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.332 | 0.774500K: 0.775 | 48.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 332.939 km4,198 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 83GEOID 47083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.329 | 0.723500K: 0.723 | 48.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 58.849 km1,450 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 28GEOID 51028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.325500K: 0.341 | 0.823500K: 0.823 | 53.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.7% | 442.427 km13,287 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 3BGEOID 2703B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.323 | 0.765500K: 0.761 | 48.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 329.582 km2,617 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 127GEOID 29127 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.328 | 0.749500K: 0.749 | 48.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 399.905 km3,820 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 92GEOID 39092 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.327 | 0.719500K: 0.719 | 48.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 376.488 km4,766 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 19GEOID 19019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.325500K: 0.326 | 0.820500K: 0.820 | 53.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 365.846 km3,036 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 189GEOID 42189 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.328 | 0.788500K: 0.788 | 48.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 152.021 km2,239 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 21GEOID 12021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.331 | 0.833500K: 0.833 | 48.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 256.245 km3,308 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 26GEOID 29026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.325500K: 0.327 | 0.766500K: 0.766 | 53.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 502.821 km4,572 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 128GEOID 09128 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.330 | 0.640500K: 0.643 | 48.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 12.606 km450 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 12GEOID 26012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.322 | 0.679500K: 0.669 | 48.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 41.233 km476 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 94GEOID 30094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.340 | 0.691500K: 0.692 | 48.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 27.298 km543 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · Congressional District 3GEOID 4203 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.325500K: 0.336 | 0.726500K: 0.725 | 70.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 74.015 km1,763 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · Third Essex DistrictGEOID 25D24 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.325500K: 0.174 | 0.731500K: 0.489 | 53.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 46.7% | 122.479 km2,273 vertices · 1 part · 2 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 2GEOID 49002 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.325500K: 0.335 | 0.770500K: 0.770 | 53.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 424.812 km8,828 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 110GEOID 29110 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.325500K: 0.338 | 0.831500K: 0.831 | 48.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.7% | 83.418 km1,307 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 9GEOID 56009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.326500K: 0.355 | 0.781500K: 0.783 | 53.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.2% | 24.202 km466 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 52GEOID 35052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.329 | 0.804500K: 0.804 | 48.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 117.852 km1,828 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State Senate District 12GEOID 49012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.326500K: 0.338 | 0.755500K: 0.755 | 53.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 39.93 km1,063 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 32GEOID 13032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.335 | 0.728500K: 0.728 | 48.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 224.722 km4,614 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PR · State House District 40GEOID 72040 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.368 | 0.717500K: 0.720 | 48.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.4% | 38.498 km1,325 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| AK · State House District 26GEOID 02026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.274 | 0.690500K: 0.672 | 48.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 16.0% | 104.295 km1,226 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 81GEOID 48081 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.344 | 0.822500K: 0.822 | 48.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 570.461 km7,461 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 28GEOID 51028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.347 | 0.812500K: 0.813 | 48.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.0% | 53.082 km2,297 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 72GEOID 17072 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.327 | 0.730500K: 0.730 | 48.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 89.346 km1,219 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 53GEOID 36053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.326500K: 0.340 | 0.793500K: 0.793 | 53.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 502.545 km6,192 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 57GEOID 36057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.326500K: 0.318 | 0.738500K: 0.738 | 53.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 671.764 km4,899 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · Congressional District 2GEOID 0802 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.326500K: 0.334 | 0.895500K: 0.895 | 70.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 1,072.665 km11,283 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DC · Ward 6GEOID 11006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.326500K: 0.360 | 0.742500K: 0.759 | 53.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.4% | 26.027 km1,682 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · State Senate District 60GEOID 36060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.326500K: 0.333 | 0.802500K: 0.829 | 53.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 319.873 km4,733 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State Senate District 7GEOID 09007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.326500K: 0.344 | 0.795500K: 0.795 | 53.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 130.656 km1,915 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 64GEOID 13064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.332 | 0.792500K: 0.792 | 49.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 86.666 km2,633 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State Senate District OGEOID 0200O · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.326500K: 0.181 | 0.851500K: 0.841 | 53.9middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 44.6% | 2,076.165 km11,134 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Senate District 3GEOID 10003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.326500K: 0.337 | 0.717500K: 0.719 | 53.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 28.052 km814 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 53GEOID 01053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.330 | 0.730500K: 0.730 | 49.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 54.14 km995 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 66GEOID 30066 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.337 | 0.782500K: 0.782 | 49.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 200.781 km2,529 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 33AGEOID 2733A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.334 | 0.780500K: 0.780 | 49.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 88.074 km1,342 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 20th Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.326500K: 0.351 | 0.718500K: 0.719 | 49.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 64.025 km1,767 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 30GEOID 23030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.327500K: 0.340 | 0.875500K: 0.875 | 49.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.1% | 639.547 km28,637 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · Congressional District 26GEOID 1226 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.327500K: 0.325 | 0.769500K: 0.772 | 70.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 493.524 km2,429 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 11th Plymouth DistrictGEOID 25121 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.327500K: 0.343 | 0.757500K: 0.759 | 49.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.6% | 21.27 km444 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 33GEOID 30033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.327500K: 0.338 | 0.803500K: 0.803 | 54.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.4% | 206.494 km2,770 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 62GEOID 30062 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.327500K: 0.336 | 0.789500K: 0.791 | 49.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 34.593 km644 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 31GEOID 51031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.327500K: 0.337 | 0.823500K: 0.823 | 49.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 201.917 km5,384 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 42GEOID 12042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.327500K: 0.337 | 0.782500K: 0.782 | 49.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 74.771 km1,763 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 52GEOID 44052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.327500K: 0.330 | 0.803500K: 0.803 | 49.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 40.749 km822 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Senate District 19GEOID 10019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.327500K: 0.332 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 54.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 128.388 km2,140 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 82GEOID 17082 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.327500K: 0.335 | 0.718500K: 0.718 | 49.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 80.53 km1,752 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State Senate District 1GEOID 30001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.327500K: 0.332 | 0.822500K: 0.822 | 54.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 646.492 km6,954 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 108GEOID 36108 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.327500K: 0.334 | 0.744500K: 0.745 | 49.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 84.418 km585 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 74GEOID 23074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.327500K: 0.328 | 0.747500K: 0.748 | 49.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 191.427 km1,137 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 16GEOID 05016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.327500K: 0.335 | 0.811500K: 0.812 | 49.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 82.521 km1,260 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 37GEOID 30037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.328500K: 0.333 | 0.899500K: 0.899 | 49.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 716.987 km7,274 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · Congressional District 1GEOID 4001 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.328500K: 0.331 | 0.736500K: 0.737 | 70.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 331.096 km4,758 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 117GEOID 17117 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.328500K: 0.338 | 0.783500K: 0.783 | 49.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 519.827 km9,418 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 30GEOID 42030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.328500K: 0.331 | 0.657500K: 0.657 | 54.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 513.883 km5,057 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Chittenden-16 State House DistrictGEOID 50C16 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.328500K: 0.328 | 0.662500K: 0.664 | 49.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 8.18 km125 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 14GEOID 40014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.328500K: 0.333 | 0.767500K: 0.767 | 49.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 157.514 km1,722 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 7GEOID 40007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.328500K: 0.330 | 0.793500K: 0.793 | 54.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 542.336 km4,931 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 61GEOID 54061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.328500K: 0.352 | 0.759500K: 0.760 | 49.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.9% | 143.327 km4,965 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CA · Assembly District 55GEOID 06055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.328500K: 0.338 | 0.815500K: 0.816 | 49.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 62.853 km1,027 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 35GEOID 46035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.328500K: 0.331 | 0.783500K: 0.783 | 54.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 66.902 km1,020 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 35GEOID 46035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.328500K: 0.331 | 0.783500K: 0.783 | 49.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 66.902 km1,020 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 7GEOID 26007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.328500K: 0.333 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 54.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 105.893 km1,521 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 47GEOID 47047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.328500K: 0.337 | 0.776500K: 0.777 | 49.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 280.821 km4,189 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 158GEOID 13158 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.328500K: 0.350 | 0.797500K: 0.797 | 49.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.1% | 362.368 km8,636 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State Senate District 27GEOID 51027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.328500K: 0.348 | 0.830500K: 0.829 | 54.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.7% | 162.092 km4,925 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 10GEOID 35010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.338 | 0.845500K: 0.845 | 49.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 114.264 km1,442 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State Senate District 17GEOID 15017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.364 | 0.790500K: 0.790 | 54.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.7% | 71.931 km1,828 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 1st Barnstable DistrictGEOID 25001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.343 | 0.727500K: 0.716 | 49.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 81.323 km2,579 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State Senate District 7GEOID 19007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.333 | 0.840500K: 0.840 | 54.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 463.28 km4,243 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 51GEOID 29051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.332 | 0.817500K: 0.818 | 49.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 338.982 km3,520 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (Senate) District 33GEOID 53033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.333 | 0.768500K: 0.768 | 54.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 77.426 km1,092 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WA · Legislative (House) District 33GEOID 53033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.333 | 0.768500K: 0.768 | 49.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 77.426 km1,092 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 35GEOID 09035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.339 | 0.724500K: 0.720 | 49.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.9% | 81.858 km1,703 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 18GEOID 56018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.334 | 0.768500K: 0.768 | 54.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 719.585 km5,585 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 59GEOID 41059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.332 | 0.790500K: 0.790 | 49.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 667.901 km6,672 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 14GEOID 17014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.360 | 0.725500K: 0.756 | 49.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.6% | 18.126 km627 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 51GEOID 17051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.337 | 0.862500K: 0.862 | 49.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 81.843 km1,448 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State Senate District 20GEOID 23020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.329500K: 0.337 | 0.690500K: 0.690 | 54.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 140.48 km1,834 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 26GEOID 26026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.329500K: 0.332 | 0.743500K: 0.744 | 49.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 57.953 km544 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features