Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 6,001–6,100 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 43GEOID 33543 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.463500K: 0.467 | 0.815500K: 0.816 | 80.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 42.262 km497 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · Congressional District 4GEOID 2804 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.463500K: 0.328 | 0.927500K: 0.860 | 90.2middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 29.2% | 755.324 km8,292 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 17GEOID 18017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.463500K: 0.464 | 0.820500K: 0.820 | 80.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 253.346 km1,955 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 28GEOID 55028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.464500K: 0.464 | 0.804500K: 0.804 | 80.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 245.17 km1,405 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 33GEOID 30033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.464500K: 0.464 | 0.828500K: 0.828 | 80.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 461.377 km1,792 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 44GEOID 20044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.464500K: 0.471 | 0.841500K: 0.841 | 80.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 22.983 km344 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 45GEOID 18045 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.464500K: 0.469 | 0.821500K: 0.822 | 85.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 164.317 km2,259 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 71GEOID 09071 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.464500K: 0.481 | 0.797500K: 0.797 | 80.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 40.732 km791 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Hillsborough 42GEOID 33542 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.464500K: 0.468 | 0.837500K: 0.837 | 80.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 79.652 km581 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Strafford 06GEOID 33806 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.465500K: 0.478 | 0.842500K: 0.842 | 81.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 19.911 km342 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 87GEOID 19087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.465500K: 0.469 | 0.802500K: 0.802 | 81.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 233.984 km1,951 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 142GEOID 23142 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.465500K: 0.491 | 0.820500K: 0.822 | 81.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 21.454 km1,106 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 37GEOID 17037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.465500K: 0.472 | 0.839500K: 0.840 | 81.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 73.727 km1,739 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 11GEOID 27011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.465500K: 0.467 | 0.815500K: 0.815 | 85.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 445.766 km3,289 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 32GEOID 39032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.465500K: 0.522 | 0.821500K: 0.871 | 85.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.9% | 405.542 km2,409 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 47BGEOID 2747B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.465500K: 0.471 | 0.859500K: 0.859 | 81.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 40.621 km422 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 70GEOID 12070 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.465500K: 0.463 | 0.834500K: 0.848 | 81.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 118.866 km1,773 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 82GEOID 29082 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.465500K: 0.484 | 0.839500K: 0.840 | 81.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.9% | 22.342 km541 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 87GEOID 37087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.466500K: 0.479 | 0.855500K: 0.855 | 81.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 187.407 km4,188 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Windsor-4 State House DistrictGEOID 50Y-4 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.466500K: 0.469 | 0.821500K: 0.821 | 81.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 103.637 km906 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 119GEOID 12119 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.466500K: 0.467 | 0.919500K: 0.919 | 81.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 58.589 km403 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 74GEOID 09074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.466500K: 0.490 | 0.774500K: 0.776 | 81.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.9% | 19.339 km449 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State Senate District 11GEOID 21011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.466500K: 0.478 | 0.814500K: 0.815 | 85.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 109.76 km1,888 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 46GEOID 09046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.466500K: 0.483 | 0.830500K: 0.833 | 81.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.6% | 25.434 km602 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 146GEOID 09146 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.466500K: 0.421 | 0.854500K: 0.807 | 81.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.6% | 14.56 km438 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 28GEOID 18028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.466500K: 0.467 | 0.818500K: 0.818 | 85.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 183.032 km1,848 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 50GEOID 35050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.466500K: 0.474 | 0.887500K: 0.887 | 81.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 289.58 km4,359 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 53GEOID 44053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.466500K: 0.468 | 0.799500K: 0.799 | 81.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 39.5 km561 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 64GEOID 37064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.466500K: 0.479 | 0.836500K: 0.836 | 81.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 129.059 km2,308 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 148GEOID 29148 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.467500K: 0.492 | 0.877500K: 0.877 | 81.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 172.331 km4,008 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 23GEOID 49023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.467500K: 0.476 | 0.848500K: 0.848 | 81.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 76.103 km1,168 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 125GEOID 36125 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.467500K: 0.472 | 0.876500K: 0.876 | 81.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 211.389 km2,919 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 36GEOID 26036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.467500K: 0.311 | 0.792500K: 0.711 | 85.4middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 33.4% | 988.948 km2,699 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State Senate District 3GEOID 29003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.467500K: 0.474 | 0.858500K: 0.858 | 85.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 442.766 km4,564 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 26GEOID 10026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.467500K: 0.498 | 0.802500K: 0.803 | 81.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.1% | 22.541 km562 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 66GEOID 39066 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.467500K: 0.468 | 0.869500K: 0.869 | 81.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 132.886 km595 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 54GEOID 41054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.467500K: 0.481 | 0.825500K: 0.826 | 81.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.7% | 44.112 km1,096 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 5GEOID 42005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.467500K: 0.491 | 0.835500K: 0.835 | 85.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.9% | 49.995 km1,326 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 19GEOID 10019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.468500K: 0.472 | 0.777500K: 0.777 | 81.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 24.917 km680 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 21GEOID 54021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.468500K: 0.479 | 0.859500K: 0.859 | 81.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 85.462 km996 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 68GEOID 55068 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.468500K: 0.471 | 0.821500K: 0.821 | 81.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 509.247 km3,227 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Chittenden-24 State House DistrictGEOID 50C24 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.468500K: 0.473 | 0.839500K: 0.842 | 81.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 43.686 km539 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 143GEOID 09143 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.468500K: 0.482 | 0.834500K: 0.835 | 81.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 25.138 km848 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · Congressional District 9GEOID 1209 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.468500K: 0.488 | 0.862500K: 0.862 | 90.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.0% | 358.571 km5,892 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 27AGEOID 2727A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.468500K: 0.479 | 0.882500K: 0.882 | 81.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 141.57 km3,048 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 20GEOID 16020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.468500K: 0.469 | 0.850500K: 0.850 | 85.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 35.224 km394 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 20GEOID 16020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.468500K: 0.469 | 0.850500K: 0.850 | 81.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 35.224 km394 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 123GEOID 20123 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.468500K: 0.476 | 0.923500K: 0.923 | 81.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 24.783 km551 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 14GEOID 20014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.468500K: 0.469 | 0.807500K: 0.807 | 85.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 567.753 km3,810 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 12GEOID 22012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.469500K: 0.490 | 0.898500K: 0.898 | 81.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 296.88 km4,511 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 38GEOID 26038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.469500K: 0.097 | 0.874500K: 0.450 | 85.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 79.3% | 1,515.933 km9,153 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 52GEOID 40052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.469500K: 0.476 | 0.879500K: 0.879 | 81.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 410.519 km3,323 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 17GEOID 01017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.469500K: 0.472 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 81.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 307.776 km2,014 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 53GEOID 22053 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.469500K: 0.153 | 0.870500K: 0.643 | 81.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 67.3% | 335.338 km2,013 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 54GEOID 29054 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.469500K: 0.470 | 0.835500K: 0.835 | 81.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 173.031 km1,888 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 180GEOID 42180 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.469500K: 0.476 | 0.845500K: 0.848 | 81.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 16.368 km292 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State House District 30GEOID 08030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.470500K: 0.494 | 0.883500K: 0.884 | 81.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.0% | 35.041 km598 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 15GEOID 20015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.470500K: 0.470 | 0.836500K: 0.836 | 85.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 469.176 km2,901 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KY · State House District 59GEOID 21059 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.470500K: 0.474 | 0.805500K: 0.805 | 81.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 107.902 km1,876 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 65AGEOID 2765A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.470500K: 0.475 | 0.864500K: 0.864 | 81.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 19.283 km243 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 55GEOID 35055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.470500K: 0.472 | 0.838500K: 0.838 | 81.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 440.415 km2,573 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 23GEOID 16023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.470500K: 0.471 | 0.903500K: 0.903 | 85.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 765.768 km4,656 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 23GEOID 16023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.470500K: 0.471 | 0.903500K: 0.903 | 81.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 765.768 km4,656 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 85GEOID 39085 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.470500K: 0.470 | 0.826500K: 0.826 | 81.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 273.56 km1,281 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 28AGEOID 2728A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.470500K: 0.470 | 0.795500K: 0.795 | 81.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 161.203 km1,064 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 11GEOID 56011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.470500K: 0.472 | 0.879500K: 0.879 | 85.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 1,063.629 km4,979 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 49GEOID 30049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.470500K: 0.482 | 0.803500K: 0.803 | 81.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.5% | 13.379 km282 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State Senate District 50GEOID 17050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.470500K: 0.477 | 0.869500K: 0.870 | 85.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 588.072 km5,382 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 70GEOID 44070 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.471500K: 0.593 | 0.828500K: 0.892 | 81.9middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 20.6% | 41.305 km1,196 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 85GEOID 22085 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.471500K: 0.473 | 0.863500K: 0.864 | 81.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 24.314 km244 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 57GEOID 12057 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.471500K: 0.176 | 0.874500K: 0.636 | 81.9middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 62.6% | 129.327 km932 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 38GEOID 40038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.471500K: 0.479 | 0.888500K: 0.888 | 85.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 633.644 km4,427 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 62GEOID 39062 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.471500K: 0.476 | 0.798500K: 0.799 | 81.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 95.232 km2,965 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 116GEOID 20116 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.471500K: 0.472 | 0.809500K: 0.809 | 81.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 536.898 km2,692 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 16GEOID 54016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.471500K: 0.480 | 0.852500K: 0.853 | 82.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 159.388 km2,802 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 148GEOID 36148 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.471500K: 0.476 | 0.918500K: 0.918 | 82.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 426.909 km3,290 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 5th Plymouth DistrictGEOID 25115 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.471500K: 0.498 | 0.862500K: 0.863 | 82.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 54.999 km1,382 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 115GEOID 28115 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.472500K: 0.207 | 0.826500K: 0.218 | 82.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 56.1% | 96.66 km338 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 37GEOID 18037 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.472500K: 0.474 | 0.871500K: 0.871 | 86.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 245.999 km2,828 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 63GEOID 12063 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.472500K: 0.474 | 0.779500K: 0.779 | 82.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 56.151 km573 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 109GEOID 37109 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.472500K: 0.480 | 0.889500K: 0.888 | 82.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 78.218 km1,353 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 1st Plymouth DistrictGEOID 25111 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.472500K: 0.392 | 0.828500K: 0.759 | 82.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 16.9% | 89.8 km1,306 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 110GEOID 12110 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.472500K: 0.475 | 0.792500K: 0.792 | 82.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 39.645 km438 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 78GEOID 54078 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.472500K: 0.488 | 0.861500K: 0.863 | 82.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 69.239 km1,907 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 2nd Norfolk DistrictGEOID 25097 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.472500K: 0.253 | 0.838500K: 0.601 | 82.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 46.5% | 28.464 km370 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CO · State Senate District 1GEOID 08001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.472500K: 0.476 | 0.921500K: 0.921 | 86.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 937.719 km5,245 vertices · 2 parts · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 15GEOID 18015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.473500K: 0.478 | 0.812500K: 0.813 | 86.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 74.569 km1,183 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 30GEOID 46030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.473500K: 0.479 | 0.884500K: 0.884 | 86.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 529.715 km5,414 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 30GEOID 46030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.473500K: 0.479 | 0.884500K: 0.884 | 82.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 529.715 km5,414 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 69GEOID 29069 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.473500K: 0.498 | 0.881500K: 0.882 | 82.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.1% | 42.033 km805 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 10GEOID 20010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.473500K: 0.488 | 0.848500K: 0.848 | 82.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 24.718 km543 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State House District 19GEOID 02019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.473500K: 0.482 | 0.840500K: 0.843 | 82.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 13.61 km385 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State Senate District 13GEOID 38013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.473500K: 0.481 | 0.820500K: 0.823 | 86.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 23.314 km308 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ND · State House District 13GEOID 38013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.473500K: 0.481 | 0.820500K: 0.823 | 82.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.6% | 23.314 km308 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 32GEOID 20032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.473500K: 0.474 | 0.845500K: 0.845 | 86.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 489.79 km3,121 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 27GEOID 31027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.473500K: 0.475 | 0.864500K: 0.864 | 86.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 54.957 km478 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 32AGEOID 2732A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.473500K: 0.476 | 0.796500K: 0.796 | 82.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 73.294 km680 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 28AGEOID 4628A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.473500K: 0.475 | 0.835500K: 0.835 | 82.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 781.123 km4,346 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 120GEOID 29120 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.473500K: 0.474 | 0.824500K: 0.825 | 82.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 320.829 km2,431 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · Congressional District 14GEOID 1214 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.474500K: 0.095 | 0.830500K: 0.515 | 90.7middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 79.9% | 189.903 km2,264 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features