Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 6,501–6,600 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NH · State House District Merrimack 24GEOID 33624 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.515500K: 0.522 | 0.829500K: 0.830 | 88.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 33.931 km276 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 76GEOID 26076 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.515500K: 0.518 | 0.853500K: 0.853 | 88.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 163.687 km792 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 34GEOID 19034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.515500K: 0.521 | 0.840500K: 0.841 | 88.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 20.652 km282 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 49GEOID 09049 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.516500K: 0.531 | 0.852500K: 0.852 | 88.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 41.767 km559 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WV · Delegate District 83GEOID 54083 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.516500K: 0.526 | 0.875500K: 0.876 | 88.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 133.954 km2,463 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 2nd Middlesex DistrictGEOID 25060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.516500K: 0.525 | 0.826500K: 0.826 | 88.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 58.147 km686 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 42GEOID 15042 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.516500K: 0.526 | 0.867500K: 0.866 | 88.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 16.546 km394 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 34GEOID 16034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.516500K: 0.520 | 0.881500K: 0.881 | 91.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 172.639 km1,408 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 34GEOID 16034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.516500K: 0.520 | 0.881500K: 0.881 | 88.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 172.639 km1,408 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 97GEOID 37097 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.516500K: 0.518 | 0.968500K: 0.969 | 88.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 138.638 km1,706 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 11GEOID 40011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.516500K: 0.520 | 0.872500K: 0.872 | 91.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 61.428 km562 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 38GEOID 42038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.516500K: 0.524 | 0.905500K: 0.905 | 91.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 114.018 km1,706 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Rockingham 18GEOID 33718 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.516500K: 0.526 | 0.781500K: 0.779 | 88.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 26.712 km346 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State Senate District 36GEOID 20036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.517500K: 0.517 | 0.875500K: 0.875 | 91.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 809.312 km5,087 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 68GEOID 09068 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.517500K: 0.535 | 0.881500K: 0.882 | 88.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 43.597 km737 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 26GEOID 27026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.517500K: 0.518 | 0.837500K: 0.837 | 91.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 354.311 km3,119 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State Senate District GGEOID 0200G · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.517500K: 0.522 | 0.853500K: 0.853 | 91.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 25.252 km556 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 43GEOID 56043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.517500K: 0.521 | 0.894500K: 0.894 | 88.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 86.794 km839 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Strafford 12GEOID 33812 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.517500K: 0.570 | 0.900500K: 0.916 | 88.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.3% | 33.226 km765 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 38GEOID 23038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.517500K: 0.519 | 0.828500K: 0.829 | 88.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 121.865 km982 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 9th Worcester DistrictGEOID 25150 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.517500K: 0.540 | 0.857500K: 0.858 | 88.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 63.023 km1,065 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State Senate District 38GEOID 12038 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.517500K: 0.260 | 0.847500K: 0.606 | 91.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 49.8% | 147.03 km1,083 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 201GEOID 42201 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.518500K: 0.527 | 0.881500K: 0.881 | 88.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 16.578 km219 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 66GEOID 47066 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.518500K: 0.528 | 0.922500K: 0.922 | 88.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 172.958 km2,955 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 10GEOID 18010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.518500K: 0.576 | 0.807500K: 0.892 | 88.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.0% | 104.59 km1,170 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 44GEOID 51044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.519500K: 0.526 | 0.910500K: 0.910 | 88.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 234.519 km4,698 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State Senate District 27GEOID 26027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.519500K: 0.528 | 0.954500K: 0.955 | 91.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.7% | 134.274 km897 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 123GEOID 09123 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.519500K: 0.525 | 0.856500K: 0.857 | 88.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 32.665 km665 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 74GEOID 20074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.519500K: 0.522 | 0.817500K: 0.817 | 88.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 234.844 km1,678 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State House District 15GEOID 02015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.520500K: 0.568 | 0.876500K: 0.840 | 88.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.5% | 30.028 km340 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| GA · State House District 98GEOID 13098 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.520500K: 0.529 | 0.878500K: 0.879 | 88.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 27.137 km596 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| LA · State House District 104GEOID 22104 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.520500K: 0.528 | 0.882500K: 0.882 | 88.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 99.536 km2,147 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 10GEOID 39010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.520500K: 0.521 | 0.849500K: 0.849 | 91.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 277.36 km2,107 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 19GEOID 56019 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.520500K: 0.520 | 0.865500K: 0.865 | 88.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 313.291 km2,242 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 74GEOID 40074 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.520500K: 0.520 | 0.825500K: 0.826 | 88.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 46.588 km508 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 15GEOID 42015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.520500K: 0.537 | 0.891500K: 0.891 | 91.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 136.523 km2,604 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 36GEOID 23036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.520500K: 0.525 | 0.872500K: 0.872 | 88.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 66.027 km866 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Lamoille Senatorial DistrictGEOID 50LAM · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.521500K: 0.521 | 0.845500K: 0.845 | 91.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 164.183 km830 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 87GEOID 23087 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.521500K: 0.556 | 0.901500K: 0.901 | 88.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.4% | 57.213 km1,326 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 31GEOID 28031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.521500K: 0.523 | 0.896500K: 0.896 | 88.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 191.495 km1,632 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 30GEOID 18030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.521500K: 0.524 | 0.918500K: 0.918 | 88.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 110.03 km1,104 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State House District 17GEOID 02017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.521500K: 0.524 | 0.884500K: 0.882 | 88.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 15.927 km344 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 26GEOID 44026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.521500K: 0.532 | 0.826500K: 0.827 | 91.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 32.469 km892 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 24GEOID 27024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.521500K: 0.523 | 0.904500K: 0.905 | 91.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 199.518 km2,008 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 111GEOID 42111 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.521500K: 0.525 | 0.892500K: 0.892 | 88.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 291.882 km2,605 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 22GEOID 44022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.522500K: 0.539 | 0.837500K: 0.837 | 92.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.2% | 43.043 km848 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 33GEOID 16033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.522500K: 0.527 | 0.843500K: 0.845 | 92.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 33.107 km603 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 33GEOID 16033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.522500K: 0.527 | 0.843500K: 0.845 | 88.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 33.107 km603 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 51GEOID 18051 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.522500K: 0.522 | 0.930500K: 0.931 | 88.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 193.629 km2,090 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 43GEOID 37043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.522500K: 0.526 | 0.836500K: 0.836 | 92.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 136.349 km2,356 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 158GEOID 29158 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.522500K: 0.528 | 0.857500K: 0.857 | 88.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 242.569 km2,213 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| UT · State House District 13GEOID 49013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.522500K: 0.526 | 0.832500K: 0.832 | 88.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 27.016 km260 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 114GEOID 29114 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.522500K: 0.538 | 0.894500K: 0.898 | 88.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.0% | 68.167 km957 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 112GEOID 37112 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.522500K: 0.528 | 0.807500K: 0.808 | 88.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 47.096 km987 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State Senate District 18GEOID 12018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.523500K: 0.267 | 0.853500K: 0.698 | 92.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 49.0% | 168.242 km986 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 62GEOID 23062 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.523500K: 0.526 | 0.857500K: 0.857 | 89.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 99.57 km761 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Grafton 08GEOID 33408 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.523500K: 0.524 | 0.833500K: 0.833 | 89.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 68.797 km704 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MT · State House District 50GEOID 30050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.523500K: 0.531 | 0.818500K: 0.819 | 89.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 19.559 km422 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 50GEOID 20050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.523500K: 0.524 | 0.941500K: 0.941 | 89.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 114.507 km1,072 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 67GEOID 42067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.523500K: 0.523 | 0.823500K: 0.823 | 89.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 391.326 km1,154 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Grafton 06GEOID 33406 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.523500K: 0.525 | 0.941500K: 0.943 | 89.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 90.743 km865 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State Senate District 7GEOID 18007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.523500K: 0.524 | 0.870500K: 0.870 | 92.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 279.69 km2,207 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 91GEOID 40091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.523500K: 0.523 | 0.852500K: 0.852 | 89.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 34.634 km318 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 106GEOID 45106 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.523500K: 0.390 | 0.866500K: 0.791 | 89.1middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 25.5% | 54.5 km548 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 134GEOID 36134 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.524500K: 0.521 | 0.912500K: 0.905 | 89.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 90.205 km378 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 15GEOID 35015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.524500K: 0.528 | 0.858500K: 0.858 | 89.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 33.242 km486 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 32GEOID 09032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.524500K: 0.538 | 0.877500K: 0.878 | 89.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.6% | 48.43 km642 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 23GEOID 27023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.524500K: 0.525 | 0.891500K: 0.891 | 92.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 369.185 km2,303 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 28GEOID 41028 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.524500K: 0.549 | 0.846500K: 0.847 | 89.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.5% | 31.348 km865 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · Congressional District 5GEOID 1205 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.524500K: 0.496 | 0.885500K: 0.880 | 94.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.3% | 226.983 km2,227 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 67GEOID 40067 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.524500K: 0.555 | 0.870500K: 0.870 | 89.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.5% | 25.725 km255 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MS · State House District 1GEOID 28001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.525500K: 0.528 | 0.867500K: 0.867 | 89.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 169.689 km1,492 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Cheshire 10GEOID 33210 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.525500K: 0.525 | 0.855500K: 0.855 | 89.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 71.715 km484 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 56GEOID 27056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.525500K: 0.531 | 0.870500K: 0.870 | 92.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 48.582 km495 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AK · State House District 16GEOID 02016 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.526500K: 0.267 | 0.858500K: 0.488 | 89.3middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 49.2% | 80.997 km464 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State House District 17GEOID 05017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.526500K: 0.526 | 0.873500K: 0.873 | 89.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 98.438 km1,066 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 105GEOID 20105 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.526500K: 0.526 | 0.850500K: 0.850 | 89.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 25.541 km253 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OR · State House District 13GEOID 41013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.526500K: 0.550 | 0.861500K: 0.861 | 89.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.4% | 36.894 km844 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 7GEOID 48007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.526500K: 0.538 | 0.891500K: 0.891 | 89.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 315.832 km3,749 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 120GEOID 20120 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.526500K: 0.527 | 0.851500K: 0.851 | 89.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 610.301 km3,067 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Washington-2 State House DistrictGEOID 50WA2 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.526500K: 0.529 | 0.872500K: 0.872 | 89.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 107.076 km737 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 33GEOID 18033 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.526500K: 0.527 | 0.856500K: 0.856 | 89.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 254.761 km2,202 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 50GEOID 42050 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.527500K: 0.528 | 0.861500K: 0.861 | 92.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 352.033 km2,609 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 36GEOID 40036 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.527500K: 0.527 | 0.818500K: 0.818 | 92.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 65.148 km906 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 29GEOID 46029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.527500K: 0.529 | 0.851500K: 0.851 | 92.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 462.049 km2,995 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 29GEOID 46029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.527500K: 0.529 | 0.851500K: 0.851 | 89.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 462.049 km2,995 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State Senate District 11GEOID 15011 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.527500K: 0.539 | 0.883500K: 0.885 | 92.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 23.881 km579 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 90GEOID 20090 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.527500K: 0.528 | 0.861500K: 0.861 | 89.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 99.855 km689 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 97GEOID 23097 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.527500K: 0.568 | 0.852500K: 0.852 | 89.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.3% | 37.168 km573 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 46GEOID 18046 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.527500K: 0.528 | 0.897500K: 0.897 | 89.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 219.658 km2,246 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 64GEOID 27064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.527500K: 0.529 | 0.845500K: 0.845 | 92.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 29.751 km359 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 86GEOID 51086 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.527500K: 0.346 | 0.871500K: 0.748 | 89.5middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 34.4% | 106.32 km1,113 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State Senate District 20GEOID 39020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.528500K: 0.529 | 0.875500K: 0.875 | 92.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 297.65 km2,943 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · Congressional District 7GEOID 2907 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.528500K: 0.529 | 0.904500K: 0.904 | 95.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 601.204 km4,922 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State Senate District 9GEOID 15009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.528500K: 0.403 | 0.837500K: 0.753 | 92.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 23.6% | 53.908 km897 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 30GEOID 35030 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.528500K: 0.531 | 0.837500K: 0.838 | 89.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 18.499 km209 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · State House District 27GEOID 26027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.528500K: 0.477 | 0.857500K: 0.829 | 89.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 9.6% | 53.227 km408 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State Senate District 27GEOID 35027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.528500K: 0.529 | 0.882500K: 0.882 | 92.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 756.996 km2,576 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SC · State House District 107GEOID 45107 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.528500K: 0.296 | 0.885500K: 0.815 | 89.6middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 43.9% | 67.818 km550 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 31GEOID 10031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.528500K: 0.558 | 0.885500K: 0.888 | 89.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.2% | 28.14 km1,016 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features