Advisory boundary-shape measurements
District compactness, without pretending it proves intent.
Compare Polsby–Popper and convex-hull ratios for official 2024 congressional and state legislative boundaries. Detailed measurements are checked against Census 1:500,000 geometry so resolution-sensitive shapes remain visible instead of becoming false precision.
Compactness is a descriptive screen, not a gerrymandering severity score.
Low values can reflect coastlines, islands, political subdivisions, communities of interest, legal requirements, or map resolution. They do not establish partisan intent, illegality, representational quality, fraud, or misconduct.
Comparable shape metrics
Official plan boundaries
Showing 6,601–6,700 of 7,272
| District | Type | Polsby–Popper | Convex hull | Relative percentile | Resolution check | Boundary detail |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OK · State House District 94GEOID 40094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.528500K: 0.531 | 0.881500K: 0.881 | 89.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 33.795 km771 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · Congressional District 3GEOID 1803 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.528500K: 0.529 | 0.926500K: 0.926 | 95.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 522.964 km4,534 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State House District 18GEOID 01018 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.528500K: 0.535 | 0.921500K: 0.921 | 89.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.2% | 258.435 km2,118 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · Congressional District 2GEOID 1802 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.528500K: 0.529 | 0.876500K: 0.876 | 95.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 520.076 km4,415 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State Senate District 12GEOID 15012 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.528500K: 0.429 | 0.859500K: 0.827 | 92.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 18.8% | 31.74 km314 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State Senate District 23GEOID 37023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.529500K: 0.533 | 0.809500K: 0.809 | 92.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 275.594 km3,687 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 56GEOID 23056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.529500K: 0.536 | 0.874500K: 0.875 | 89.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 76.606 km873 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 151GEOID 09151 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.529500K: 0.544 | 0.912500K: 0.913 | 89.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 28.504 km775 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Senate District 6GEOID 10006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.529500K: 0.366 | 0.866500K: 0.717 | 92.8middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 30.7% | 129.96 km977 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AR · State Senate District 34GEOID 05034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.529500K: 0.538 | 0.892500K: 0.893 | 92.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 87.842 km1,637 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TN · State House District 65GEOID 47065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.529500K: 0.536 | 0.877500K: 0.877 | 89.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 129.906 km1,659 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State Senate District 24GEOID 44024 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.529500K: 0.552 | 0.847500K: 0.845 | 93.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.2% | 17.605 km516 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 84GEOID 09084 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.529500K: 0.540 | 0.866500K: 0.866 | 89.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.0% | 14.717 km307 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 9GEOID 46009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.529500K: 0.532 | 0.839500K: 0.839 | 93.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 73.677 km2,022 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 9GEOID 46009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.529500K: 0.532 | 0.839500K: 0.839 | 89.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 73.677 km2,022 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Orleans-Lamoille State House DistrictGEOID 50O-L · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.529500K: 0.529 | 0.794500K: 0.794 | 89.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 145.025 km891 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MI · Congressional District 9GEOID 2609 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.530500K: 0.353 | 0.884500K: 0.832 | 95.7middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 33.3% | 650.572 km2,842 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MO · State House District 52GEOID 29052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.530500K: 0.532 | 0.872500K: 0.872 | 89.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 171.81 km1,753 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 17GEOID 16017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.530500K: 0.533 | 0.854500K: 0.854 | 93.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 29.528 km396 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 17GEOID 16017 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.530500K: 0.533 | 0.854500K: 0.854 | 89.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 29.528 km396 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 65GEOID 18065 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.530500K: 0.533 | 0.889500K: 0.889 | 89.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 242.192 km1,399 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 128GEOID 23128 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.530500K: 0.547 | 0.909500K: 0.912 | 89.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.1% | 25.423 km308 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 91GEOID 20091 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.530500K: 0.532 | 0.888500K: 0.888 | 89.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 51.381 km592 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 48GEOID 19048 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.530500K: 0.533 | 0.904500K: 0.904 | 89.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 191.31 km1,318 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 1GEOID 31001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.530500K: 0.532 | 0.928500K: 0.928 | 93.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 382.966 km2,762 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Windsor-5 State House DistrictGEOID 50Y-5 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.531500K: 0.530 | 0.773500K: 0.773 | 89.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 90.693 km368 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 96GEOID 20096 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.531500K: 0.538 | 0.833500K: 0.834 | 89.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 22.829 km304 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 94GEOID 36094 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.531500K: 0.538 | 0.871500K: 0.872 | 89.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 122.541 km1,435 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 22GEOID 18022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.531500K: 0.532 | 0.847500K: 0.847 | 90.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 181.615 km1,423 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 26GEOID 12026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.531500K: 0.567 | 0.925500K: 0.925 | 90.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 6.3% | 137.278 km2,300 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · State House District 27GEOID 48027 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.531500K: 0.535 | 0.900500K: 0.899 | 90.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 75.072 km1,149 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 35GEOID 32035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.531500K: 0.531 | 0.868500K: 0.868 | 90.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 42.742 km310 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Orleans-3 State House DistrictGEOID 50O-3 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.532500K: 0.532 | 0.908500K: 0.908 | 90.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 82.096 km536 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Merrimack 11GEOID 33611 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.532500K: 0.552 | 0.882500K: 0.884 | 90.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.8% | 35.458 km613 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Caledonia-Washington State House DistrictGEOID 50CAW · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.532500K: 0.533 | 0.798500K: 0.798 | 90.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 94.805 km337 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| TX · Congressional District 19GEOID 4819 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.532500K: 0.533 | 0.839500K: 0.839 | 95.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 1,360.805 km5,957 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DE · State Representative District 35GEOID 10035 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.532500K: 0.537 | 0.810500K: 0.810 | 90.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 109.934 km1,433 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VA · State House District 98GEOID 51098 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.532500K: 0.476 | 0.901500K: 0.869 | 90.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 10.5% | 130.592 km792 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 22GEOID 16022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.533500K: 0.534 | 0.863500K: 0.863 | 93.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 49.477 km531 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 22GEOID 16022 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.533500K: 0.534 | 0.863500K: 0.863 | 90.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 49.477 km531 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 77GEOID 20077 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.533500K: 0.545 | 0.890500K: 0.890 | 90.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 101.777 km1,347 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IA · State House District 25GEOID 19025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.533500K: 0.534 | 0.878500K: 0.878 | 90.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 124.112 km679 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Chittenden-15 State House DistrictGEOID 50C15 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.533500K: 0.542 | 0.831500K: 0.836 | 90.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 8.593 km229 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State Senate District 31GEOID 46031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.535500K: 0.560 | 0.912500K: 0.912 | 93.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.6% | 220.513 km1,637 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| SD · State House District 31GEOID 46031 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.535500K: 0.560 | 0.912500K: 0.912 | 90.2middle or higher | stablePP difference 4.6% | 220.513 km1,637 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 6GEOID 20006 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.535500K: 0.582 | 0.945500K: 0.945 | 90.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 8.1% | 133.16 km3,058 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 29GEOID 31029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.535500K: 0.545 | 0.846500K: 0.846 | 93.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 25.078 km317 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State House District 4GEOID 56004 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.535500K: 0.548 | 0.942500K: 0.942 | 90.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.4% | 412.873 km2,980 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NC · State House District 70GEOID 37070 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.535500K: 0.543 | 0.879500K: 0.879 | 90.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.5% | 120.584 km1,754 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State Senate District 26GEOID 12026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.535500K: 0.603 | 0.882500K: 0.912 | 93.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 11.3% | 283.486 km1,188 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 10GEOID 36010 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.535500K: 0.551 | 0.898500K: 0.899 | 90.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 58.361 km891 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 32GEOID 31032 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.536500K: 0.539 | 0.825500K: 0.825 | 93.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 392.279 km3,796 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OH · State House District 75GEOID 39075 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.536500K: 0.548 | 0.949500K: 0.950 | 90.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.2% | 189.564 km3,632 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 55GEOID 09055 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.536500K: 0.544 | 0.833500K: 0.833 | 90.3middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.3% | 75.991 km1,119 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 20GEOID 20020 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.536500K: 0.543 | 0.851500K: 0.851 | 90.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 26.677 km418 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State House District 150GEOID 42150 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.537500K: 0.539 | 0.911500K: 0.911 | 90.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 49.021 km682 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State Senate District 9GEOID 04009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.537500K: 0.537 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 93.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 48.836 km585 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AZ · State House District 9GEOID 04009 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.537500K: 0.537 | 0.827500K: 0.827 | 90.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 48.836 km585 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| RI · State House District 61GEOID 44061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.537500K: 0.548 | 0.844500K: 0.847 | 90.4middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 10.229 km189 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 37AGEOID 2737A · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.537500K: 0.548 | 0.899500K: 0.900 | 90.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.9% | 88.553 km1,130 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IL · State House District 44GEOID 17044 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.537500K: 0.542 | 0.888500K: 0.888 | 90.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.0% | 37.824 km857 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 47GEOID 40047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.537500K: 0.541 | 0.868500K: 0.868 | 90.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 65.258 km828 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 122GEOID 23122 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.537500K: 0.498 | 0.833500K: 0.802 | 90.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 7.4% | 13.673 km202 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Cheshire 03GEOID 33203 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.538500K: 0.540 | 0.809500K: 0.810 | 90.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 27.928 km370 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| FL · State House District 89GEOID 12089 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.538500K: 0.551 | 0.893500K: 0.893 | 90.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.3% | 43.437 km502 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| VT · Orange-2 State House DistrictGEOID 50OR2 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.539500K: 0.545 | 0.913500K: 0.914 | 90.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 66.687 km770 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| PA · State Senate District 23GEOID 42023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.540500K: 0.542 | 0.861500K: 0.861 | 93.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 509.57 km4,618 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 36BGEOID 2736B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.540500K: 0.550 | 0.886500K: 0.887 | 90.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.8% | 36.205 km671 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State House District 37BGEOID 2737B · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.540500K: 0.560 | 0.870500K: 0.871 | 90.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 3.5% | 37.768 km538 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ME · State House District 52GEOID 23052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.540500K: 0.546 | 0.829500K: 0.829 | 90.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 79.307 km944 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 64GEOID 55064 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.541500K: 0.556 | 0.936500K: 0.939 | 90.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.8% | 51.929 km1,935 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MA · 4th Worcester DistrictGEOID 25145 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.541500K: 0.543 | 0.873500K: 0.873 | 90.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.5% | 42.24 km296 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Congressional District 2GEOID 3602 · effective 2024-01-01 | U.S. House | 0.541500K: 0.456 | 0.927500K: 0.903 | 96.1middle or higher | stablePP difference 15.7% | 173.71 km1,118 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 5GEOID 16005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.541500K: 0.541 | 0.869500K: 0.869 | 93.5middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 129.557 km1,126 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 5GEOID 16005 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.541500K: 0.541 | 0.869500K: 0.869 | 90.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 129.557 km1,126 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| AL · State Senate District 3GEOID 01003 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.541500K: 0.544 | 0.920500K: 0.920 | 93.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.6% | 214.116 km2,042 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| IN · State House District 52GEOID 18052 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.541500K: 0.541 | 0.857500K: 0.857 | 90.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 180.663 km1,943 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 34GEOID 40034 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.541500K: 0.543 | 0.832500K: 0.833 | 90.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 36.692 km411 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 121GEOID 09121 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.541500K: 0.549 | 0.873500K: 0.841 | 90.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.4% | 22.282 km420 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NM · State House District 25GEOID 35025 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.541500K: 0.542 | 0.791500K: 0.791 | 90.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.1% | 19.82 km216 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 14GEOID 31014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.541500K: 0.547 | 0.803500K: 0.804 | 93.6middle or higher | stablePP difference 1.1% | 26.691 km546 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| CT · State House District 61GEOID 09061 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.542500K: 0.575 | 0.880500K: 0.881 | 90.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.8% | 62.746 km898 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NY · Assembly District 60GEOID 36060 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.542500K: 0.546 | 0.859500K: 0.860 | 90.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.8% | 17.447 km169 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 13GEOID 16013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.542500K: 0.543 | 0.873500K: 0.873 | 93.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 43.386 km672 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 13GEOID 16013 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.542500K: 0.543 | 0.873500K: 0.873 | 90.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 43.386 km672 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NV · Assembly District 29GEOID 32029 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.542500K: 0.543 | 0.866500K: 0.866 | 90.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 31.643 km714 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State Senate District 1GEOID 16001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.542500K: 0.544 | 0.921500K: 0.921 | 93.7middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 424.942 km2,264 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| ID · State House District 1GEOID 16001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.542500K: 0.544 | 0.921500K: 0.921 | 90.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.3% | 424.942 km2,264 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| KS · State House District 97GEOID 20097 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.543500K: 0.544 | 0.836500K: 0.836 | 90.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 43.502 km433 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WY · State Senate District 15GEOID 56015 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.543500K: 0.547 | 0.869500K: 0.869 | 93.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.7% | 307.306 km2,205 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 47GEOID 15047 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.543500K: 0.513 | 0.894500K: 0.859 | 90.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 5.5% | 123.092 km2,056 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 21GEOID 31021 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.543500K: 0.544 | 0.871500K: 0.872 | 93.8middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 136.871 km1,121 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NE · State Senate District 23GEOID 31023 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.543500K: 0.548 | 0.856500K: 0.856 | 93.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 311.59 km5,006 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State House District 26GEOID 40026 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.544500K: 0.545 | 0.884500K: 0.885 | 91.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.2% | 85.603 km1,229 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| NH · State House District Grafton 09GEOID 33409 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.544500K: 0.544 | 0.828500K: 0.827 | 91.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.0% | 85.891 km572 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| WI · Assembly District 56GEOID 55056 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.544500K: 0.546 | 0.884500K: 0.884 | 91.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 164.465 km1,140 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| DC · Ward 7GEOID 11007 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.544500K: 0.549 | 0.885500K: 0.886 | 93.9middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.9% | 23.482 km891 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| OK · State Senate District 1GEOID 40001 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.544500K: 0.546 | 0.872500K: 0.872 | 94.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 0.4% | 327.001 km3,043 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| MN · State Senate District 43GEOID 27043 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative upper chamber | 0.544500K: 0.556 | 0.875500K: 0.875 | 94.0middle or higher | stablePP difference 2.1% | 39.199 km581 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
| HI · State House District 14GEOID 15014 · effective 2024-01-01 | State legislative lower chamber | 0.544500K: 0.435 | 0.884500K: 0.807 | 91.0middle or higher | resolution sensitivePP difference 20.1% | 134.878 km987 vertices · 1 part · 0 holes |
How the measures work
Two measures, one stability guard.
- Polsby–Popper
- 4π × area ÷ perimeter². A circle approaches 1. Coastline and boundary detail can sharply increase perimeter.
- Convex-hull ratio
- District area divided by its local equal-area convex hull. Disconnected or deeply concave shapes score lower.
- Resolution guard
- Detailed and 1:500,000 values are labeled stable only when their relative differences stay within 20% and 10%, respectively.
Election-result boundary
Outcome relationships are not calculated yet.
The repository does not yet contain a nationwide certified, same-plan-vintage district result set. Compactness is not joined to election outcomes across mismatched plans or geography.
That guard prevents district results from being compared against a different plan vintage or geography.
Source provenance
U.S. Census Bureau TIGERweb
Six retained and hash-pinned GeoJSON collections cover detailed and generalized versions of each district type.
- congressional · detailed 444 source features
- congressional · generalized 500k 441 source features
- state upper · detailed 1,964 source features
- state upper · generalized 500k 1,960 source features
- state lower · detailed 4,879 source features
- state lower · generalized 500k 4,874 source features